ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Exams Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is educating a client who is experiencing sleep disturbances and desires to decrease caffeine intake. Which of the following beverages should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lemon-lime soda typically does not contain caffeine, making it suitable for reducing caffeine intake to improve sleep. Chocolate milk, diet cola, and brewed iced tea contain caffeine, which can exacerbate sleep disturbances.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing home safety information for an older adult client who uses a cane. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cane’s height should be at the level of the wrist when the arm is hanging naturally, corresponding to the greater trochanter (hip bone), ensuring proper support and reducing strain. Advancing the weak leg first is incorrect; the cane and weak leg move together. Advancing 12-14 inches is too far; 6-10 inches is appropriate. The cane is held in the stronger hand.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing instruction to a new nurse about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy to treat heart failure. The nurse should explain that which of the following medications puts clients at risk for both hyperkalemia and hyponatremia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, inhibits aldosterone, causing potassium retention (hyperkalemia) and sodium excretion (hyponatremia). Hydrochlorothiazide and metolazone cause hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, also causes hypokalemia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shortness of breath, swelling, crackles, and elevated blood pressure suggest hypervolemia (fluid overload), common in ESKD due to impaired fluid excretion. Hyponatremia, hypovolemia, and hyperkalemia have different symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient on contact precautions. Which action will be most appropriate to prevent the spread of disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using a dedicated blood pressure cuff prevents cross-contamination between patients, a key measure for contact precautions. Negative airflow is for airborne precautions, and PPE is standard but less specific to equipment. Safe transport is important but not primary.