ATI RN
ATI 410 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care to prevent skin breakdown for a client with a spinal cord injury and paralysis. Which of the following nursing actions are appropriate?
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Using pillows to elevate heels and minimizing moisture exposure prevent pressure ulcers and skin breakdown. Massaging erythematous areas, 4-hour turning, and powder use increase skin breakdown risk.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has neutropenia. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neutropenic patients are highly susceptible to infections. Crowded places increase the risk of exposure to pathogens. Fresh fruits and vegetables can harbor bacteria, posing a risk for infection in neutropenic individuals. Neutropenic patients should monitor their temperature daily, not weekly, to detect infections early. Gardening can expose individuals to soil-borne organisms that could lead to infections.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who has sustained severe burn injuries in a grease fire. The nurse shades in a diagram indicating the burned surface areas. Using the Rule of Nines, the nurse should estimate that the client has burned what percentage of body surface area? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 31.5
Rationale: Using the Rule of Nines, the anterior trunk is 18%, each upper limb (upper arm) is 4.5%, and each forearm is 2.25%. The calculation yields 24.75% for anterior and 6.75% for posterior, totaling 31.5% of body surface area burned.
Question 4 of 5
A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about risk factors for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exposure to high levels of radiation is a known risk factor for CML, as seen in historical data from atomic bomb survivors. Family history and other cancers are not significant risk factors, and the Philadelphia chromosome mutation is an acquired, not inherited, genetic factor.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client following a right cataract extraction. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lifting heavy objects can increase intraocular pressure, disrupting healing post-cataract surgery. Avoiding heavy lifting is critical. Other options risk complications or are unnecessary.