ATI RN
ATI 410 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a vitamin B12 deficiency about the potential manifestations of their condition if it is left untreated. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: B12 deficiency can cause mood changes (neurological effects), mobility challenges (neuropathy), shortness of breath (anemia), and visual deficits (optic nerve damage). Sleep disturbance is not typical.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is obtaining a health history from a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fatigue is a hallmark symptom of iron deficiency anemia due to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, leading to tiredness and lack of energy. Slurred speech, confusion, and pain are not typical symptoms unless associated with severe or advanced stages.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of clients about lifestyle modifications that could decrease risk factors for developing hearing loss. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smoking impairs blood flow to the cochlea and auditory nerve, increasing hearing loss risk. Potassium, hydration, and moderate alcohol are not directly linked to hearing loss prevention.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving one unit of packed RBCs to treat intraoperative blood loss. The client reports chills and back pain, and the client's blood pressure is 80/64 mm Hg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptoms suggest an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, a life-threatening emergency. Stopping the transfusion immediately is critical to prevent further reaction and hemolysis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse remains with a client to observe for any adverse reactions after initiating a transfusion of packed RBCs. The client becomes apprehensive and tachycardic, reporting headache and low back pain. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate which of the following transfusion reactions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute hemolytic reactions present with fever, chills, headache, low back pain, tachycardia, and apprehension due to red blood cell destruction, requiring immediate intervention.