ATI RN
ATI RN Custom Med Surg Surgical patient Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is collecting data about the fluid status of four patients. Which patient should the nurse identify as being at risk for fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NPO status since midnight restricts fluid intake, risking dehydration. Diuretic therapy is managed, oral fluids replenish losses, and dialysis corrects fluid imbalances.
Question 2 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with septic shock. What collaborative interventions would be expected? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,E,F
Rationale: Temperature control, cardiotonic agents, blood cultures, and fluid resuscitation address septic shock's effects and causes. Thrombolytics and epinephrine are not standard interventions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of patients on an adult medical-surgical unit. Which patient should the nurse identify as having the highest risk for aspiration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients receiving enteral feedings via an NG tube are at high risk for aspiration due to impaired swallowing mechanisms and potential misplacement of the tube, which can allow formula to enter the lungs. Colostomies and ileostomies affect lower digestive tracts, not airway protection. Chest tubes address pleural space issues, not aspiration risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and respiratory arrest. What should be the nurse's first action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Establishing an open airway is critical in respiratory arrest to restore oxygenation. Auscultation, IV access, and pulse checks are secondary to ensuring airway patency.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient on the third day following abdominal surgery. The nurse notes the absence of bowel sounds, abdominal distention, and the patient has not passed any flatus. Which postoperative complication is the patient likely experiencing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Paralytic ileus is a common postoperative complication characterized by slowed or stopped intestinal peristalsis, leading to gas and fluid buildup, causing abdominal distention, nausea, and constipation. The absence of bowel sounds, distention, and lack of flatus are hallmark signs. Incisional infection presents with localized symptoms like redness and pain at the incision site. Fecal impaction involves a hard stool mass in the rectum, not typically linked to absent bowel sounds. Clostridium difficile infection causes diarrhea, not the symptoms described.