ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an older adult client in the emergency department who sustained a head injury due to a fall. Which of the following are common reasons for head injuries in older adults? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Common reasons for head injuries in older adults include decreased visual acuity, polypharmacy, and weakness, which contribute to falls. Motor vehicle crashes are less common causes of head injuries in this population compared to falls-related factors.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following clients is at the highest risk for developing osmotic cerebral edema?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rapidly lowering plasma glucose levels creates an osmotic gradient between the brain and plasma, causing brain cells to pull water and result in cerebral edema. Hypokalemia, increased hemoglobin A1C, and elevated creatinine do not directly cause osmotic cerebral edema.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for an older adult client in the emergency department who sustained a head injury due to a fall. Which of the following are common reasons for head injuries in older adults?(Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Decreased visual acuity, polypharmacy, weakness, and chronic hypertension contribute to falls in older adults by impairing vision, causing medication side effects, reducing strength, or causing dizziness.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a student about cerebral edema. The student nurse asks, 'What type of cerebral edema is associated with a client who has a stroke?'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vasogenic cerebral edema, caused by blood-brain barrier disruption, is commonly associated with ischemic stroke, allowing fluid leakage into brain tissue. Osmotic, cellular, and interstitial edema are linked to other conditions like hyponatremia, ischemia, or hydrocephalus.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is discussing factors that can lead to obstructive sleep apnea with a group of older adults. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Stroke, fatty deposits, and muscle dysfunction are direct contributing factors to obstructive sleep apnea. Stroke affects respiratory control, fatty deposits narrow the airway, and muscle dysfunction increases airway collapsibility.