ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Comprehensive Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular insulin is the preferred choice for treating diabetic ketoacidosis. It is a short-acting insulin that can be administered intravenously to rapidly lower blood glucose levels and correct the metabolic acidosis associated with DKA.
Extract:
Medical History
Client reports an injury to their right ribs after falling 6 feet from a ladder. Client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10 over the right lower rib cage with ecchymosis. Client is dyspneic and respirations are shallow. Client states, It's hard for me to breathe.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate for a client who has a pneumothorax?
| Options | Anticipated | Non-essential | Contraindicated |
|---|---|---|---|
| Obtain intravenous access | |||
| Thoracentesis | |||
| Prepare for insertion of a chest tube | |||
| Obtain ABGs (Arterial Blood Gases) | |||
| Computed tomography of the chest | |||
| Pulmonary function tests |
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Obtaining IV access, preparing for a chest tube, and obtaining ABGs are anticipated for a pneumothorax to provide emergency access, remove air from the pleural space, and assess respiratory status. Thoracentesis and pulmonary function tests are contraindicated, and a CT scan is non-essential.
Extract:
Nurses' notes
Client admitted with chest pain. Client is diaphoretic and short of breath. Client states. "Pain started when I began raking leaves in my yard. Pain "radiates to left arm and is a sharp pain." Cardiac enzymes indicate client is experiencing myocardial infarction. Provider notified and to prepare client for cardiac catheterization Immediately
A nurse is admitting a client who reports chest pain.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing the client for the cardiac catheterization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Obtaining vital signs, witnessing the informed consent, and confirming allergies are necessary to monitor cardiovascular status, ensure consent, and prevent allergic reactions. Informing about risks is the provider's role, and marking the site is not required for cardiac catheterization.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports a new onset of severe chest pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to determine if the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A 12-lead ECG is the most definitive tool for diagnosing a myocardial infarction. It can detect changes in the heart's electrical activity that are characteristic of an MI, such as ST-segment elevation or depression.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Peripheral edema is a classic sign of right-sided heart failure, as blood backs up in the systemic circulation, causing fluid retention, especially in the lower extremities.