ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Comprehensive Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who receives furosemide to treat heart failure. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor for this client due to this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Potassium is the primary laboratory value to monitor when a client is on furosemide, a loop diuretic. Furosemide increases the excretion of potassium, which can lead to hypokalemia. This can cause serious cardiac and muscular complications, so regular monitoring of potassium levels is crucial.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing instruction to a new nurse about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy to treat heart failure. The nurse should explain that which of the following medications puts clients at risk for both hyperkalemia and hyponatremia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. It helps retain - retain potassium while excreting sodium and water, which increases the risk for hyperkalemia (high potassium) and hyponatremia (low sodium) when used in combination with other medications that affect electrolyte balance.
Question 3 of 5
Which assessment finding would the nurse expect in a patient diagnosed with acute pericarditis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A pericardial friction rub is a hallmark sign of acute pericarditis. It occurs due to the inflammation of the pericardial layers, which rub against each other, producing a characteristic high-pitched, scratchy sound heard on auscultation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who had a left hip arthroplasty. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to prevent dislocation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining a foam wedge between the legs is the most effective intervention to prevent hip dislocation. The wedge keeps the hips in proper alignment and prevents excessive internal rotation or adduction, which are common causes of dislocation after hip arthroplasty.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse asks a client who is about to have a cardiac catheterization about any allergies. The client states, 'I always get a rash when I eat shellfish.' Which of the following is the priority nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Notifying the provider of the client's shellfish allergy is the priority action. Shellfish allergies can indicate a potential reaction to iodine-based contrast media, which could lead to severe reactions such as anaphylaxis. The provider needs to be aware to take appropriate precautions.