ATI RN
ATI N 1201222 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as having an increased risk of aspiration while eating (select all that apply)?
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Cerebrovascular accident (stroke) causes dysphagia, increasing aspiration risk. Head and neck trauma damages swallowing structures, and recent postoperative clients under anesthesia have impaired airway reflexes. Lactose intolerance and diarrhea affect digestion, not swallowing.
Question 2 of 5
A client asks about maintaining taste and smell. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding smoking and strong odors preserves taste and smell by protecting sensory receptors. Brushing teeth and dental visits support oral health, and salt use affects diet, not sensory preservation directly.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking phenytoin (Dilantin). The nurse understands that which of the following is a long-term adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin commonly causes gingival hyperplasia long-term, requiring dental care. It doesn't typically cause hypertension, tachycardia, or hair loss.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about nutritional requirements necessary to promote wound healing. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Protein is essential for tissue repair and collagen production in wound healing. Vitamin D aids bone health, Vitamin B supports metabolism, and calcium is for bones, less critical for wounds.
Question 5 of 5
A client arrives at the emergency room experiencing status epilepticus. Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate performing first for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IV diazepam rapidly stops status epilepticus. Glucocorticoids, telemetry, and hourly assessments are secondary.