ATI RN
ATI N103N103 Fundamentals Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with an opioid overdose. The nurse should identify the client is at risk for which acid-base imbalance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Opioid overdose causes hypoventilation leading to CO2 retention and respiratory acidosis (low pH high PaCO2). Metabolic acidosis (
A) respiratory alkalosis (
C) and metabolic alkalosis (
D) are unrelated to hypoventilation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a child who is prescribed diphenhydramine 25 mg elixir every 4 hours as needed. The amount available is diphenhydramine elixir 125 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale:
To calculate: (25 mg × 5 mL) ÷ 125 mg = 1 mL per dose. This ensures the correct dosage is administered based on the available concentration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is doing hourly rounding and finds a client unresponsive. The nurse is unable to obtain a pulse and the client is not breathing. What intervention would be the priority for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Starting chest compressions is the priority in cardiac arrest to restore circulation. Central lines, assessments, and rescue breathing follow after initiating compressions.
Question 4 of 5
An employee health nurse is providing education on how nurses can prevent back and joint injury. Which techniques minimize this risk of injury on the job?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Using good body mechanics (
A) minimizes strain during lifting. Proper posture (
B) reduces spinal stress. Assistive devices (
C) like lifts reduce physical strain. Staying physically fit (
D) enhances strength and flexibility. All techniques prevent back/joint injuries.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is 2 days postoperative and is auscultating their bilateral breath sounds. The nurse notes absent breath sounds in the bases. The nurse should suspect which postoperative complication is occurring in this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Absent breath sounds in the lung bases post-surgery suggest atelectasis, where alveoli collapse due to shallow breathing or immobility. Pulmonary embolism, arterial thrombus, or pneumonia typically present with other signs like crackles or systemic symptoms.