ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Exams Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who sustained blood loss. Which of the following is a manifestation of hypovolemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A weak pulse is a primary manifestation of hypovolemia due to reduced circulating blood volume, leading to decreased perfusion pressure. Hypovolemia causes hypotension, tachycardia, and possibly dyspnea in severe cases, but weak pulse is most direct.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to initiate a continuous enteral feeding through an open system to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Unused formula should be discarded after 4 hours, not 8, to prevent bacterial contamination. Initial infusions start slowly, not at 200 mL, over 24 hours, not 15 minutes, and sterile water is used, not tap water.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient on contact precautions. Which action will be most appropriate to prevent the spread of disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using a dedicated blood pressure cuff prevents cross-contamination between patients, a key measure for contact precautions. Negative airflow is for airborne precautions, and PPE is standard but less specific to equipment. Safe transport is important but not primary.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer blood to a client. The unit of blood on hand is type $O$ negative, and the client has type A positive blood. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Type O negative blood is universally compatible and can be safely administered to a client with type A positive blood in emergencies. Administering the blood as ordered is appropriate, with no need for further orders, incident reports, or blood bank notification.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and reports having shortness of breath and swelling in his lower extremities. Upon assessment, the nurse notes the client has crackles in his lungs and an elevated blood pressure. The nurse should suspect which of the following based on the client's manifestations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shortness of breath, swelling, crackles, and elevated blood pressure suggest hypervolemia (fluid overload), common in ESKD due to impaired fluid excretion. Hyponatremia, hypovolemia, and hyperkalemia have different symptoms.