ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Exams Questions
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Client is 4 hr postoperative following an open appendectomy. Client is alert and oriented to person, place, and time. Abdominal surgical site has small amount of serous sanguineous drainage on dressing. Dressing is intact. Client reports pain as a 5 on a scale of 0 to 10. Lung sounds are diminished in posterior lobes. Bowel sounds are hypoactive in all 4 quadrants. Last bowel movement was yesterday.
Vital Signs
Blood pressure 162/76 mm Hg
Heart rate 98/min
Respirations 24/min
Temperature 37.1° C (98.9° F)
Oxygen saturation 84% on room air
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following an open appendectomy.Exhibits Complete the following sentence by using the list of options.The client is at risk for developing -------------- as evidenced by the client’s ---------------------------
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Diminished lung sounds in the posterior lobes and 84% oxygen saturation indicate reduced air movement, likely atelectasis, impairing gas exchange and causing hypoxia.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing instruction to a new nurse about caring for clients who are receiving diuretic therapy to treat heart failure. The nurse should explain that which of the following medications puts clients at risk for both hyperkalemia and hyponatremia?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, inhibits aldosterone, causing potassium retention (hyperkalemia) and sodium excretion (hyponatremia). Hydrochlorothiazide and metolazone cause hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia. Furosemide, a loop diuretic, also causes hypokalemia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is instructing a young adult client about healthful sleep habits. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client needs further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Watching television until falling asleep exposes the client to blue light, suppressing melatonin and disrupting sleep. Avoiding naps, consistent schedules, and bedtime routines are healthy sleep habits.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is using the NURSE mnemonic when speaking with a client who is experiencing grief. The client reports that they are feeling overwhelmed. Which of the following responses by the nurse demonstrates the 'E' in the NURSE mnemonic?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The 'E' in NURSE stands for empathize. Saying 'It sounds like you are exhausted' acknowledges and validates the client’s feelings of being overwhelmed, showing empathy. Other responses encourage dialogue or offer support but don’t directly empathize.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is educating a client who is experiencing sleep disturbances and desires to decrease caffeine intake. Which of the following beverages should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lemon-lime soda typically does not contain caffeine, making it suitable for reducing caffeine intake to improve sleep. Chocolate milk, diet cola, and brewed iced tea contain caffeine, which can exacerbate sleep disturbances.