Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Keeping the client's legs abducted (using an abduction pillow or wedge) prevents adduction, which can cause hip prosthesis dislocation, a common complication after total hip arthroplasty.
Choice B is incorrect because a supine position with legs flat does not maintain the necessary hip alignment and may increase dislocation risk.
Choice C is incorrect because, while early ambulation is encouraged, it does not directly prevent dislocation and must be done with precautions (e.g., using a walker).
Choice D is incorrect because applying a heating pad is not recommended, as it may increase swelling or bleeding at the surgical site.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Changing the pouch every 3 to 5 days ensures proper hygiene and prevents skin irritation or leakage, which is critical for colostomy care.
Choice A is incorrect because, while hydration is important, the nurse should emphasize 8-10 glasses of water daily to prevent dehydration, especially with an ileostomy or new colostomy.
Choice B is incorrect because a low-fiber diet is recommended for 4-6 weeks post-surgery, not just 2 weeks, to reduce stool bulk and ease digestion.
Choice D is incorrect because bright red output indicates bleeding, which is abnormal and should be reported; normal colostomy output is brown and formed or semi-formed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Expecting a metallic taste in the mouth is a common side effect of metronidazole, and informing the client helps them anticipate and tolerate this effect during treatment for bacterial vaginosis.
Choice A is correct but not the best answer here, as avoiding alcohol is critical to prevent a disulfiram-like reaction, but the question focuses on expected effects, making C more specific.
Choice B is incorrect because metronidazole can be taken with or without food; a high-fat meal is not necessary.
Choice D is incorrect because metronidazole is typically taken 2-3 times daily, not only at bedtime, to maintain therapeutic levels.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale:
Choice A is wrong because flushing the catheter with saline should be done after securing the catheter to the skin with a transparent dressing and attaching a primed piece of extension tubing to the catheter.
Choice B is wrong because retracting the stylet should be done after advancing the catheter into the vein and releasing the tourniquet from the client's arm.
Choice C is wrong because releasing the tourniquet should be done after advancing the catheter into the vein and before retracting the stylet. This is because after puncturing the skin and the vein, the nurse needs to advance the catheter into the vein with the finger hub to ensure proper placement and prevent complications such as infiltration or phlebitis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Absence seizures are brief, sudden lapses of consciousness that usually last a few seconds. They are more common in children than in adults.
Choice B is wrong because absence seizures typically last less than 15 seconds, not 30 to 60 seconds.
Choice C is wrong because absence seizures have a sudden onset, not a gradual one.
Choice D is wrong because absence seizures do not have an aura prior to onset. An aura is a warning sign that some people experience before a seizure, such as a strange feeling, smell, or vision.