ATI RN
ATI RN Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). The nurse should expect which of the following as an early manifestation of increased ICP?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restlessness is an early sign of increased ICP due to cerebral irritation, preceding more severe signs like posturing, vomiting, or papilledema, which indicate advanced neurological compromise.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who has mucositis related to chemotherapy treatment. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Gentle flossing prevents plaque buildup without irritating mucositis-related sore gums. Hydrogen peroxide can worsen irritation, dentures may cause discomfort, and short brushing doesn't ensure oral hygiene.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has skeletal traction applied to the left leg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A trapeze bar aids mobility and repositioning, reducing complications in traction. Pressure points need more frequent checks, elbow repositioning risks misalignment, and removing weights disrupts traction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a contusion of the brainstem and reports thirst. The client's urinary output was 4,000 mL over the past 24 hr. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV medications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excessive thirst and high urinary output suggest diabetes insipidus from brainstem injury affecting antidiuretic hormone. Desmopressin replaces this hormone, reducing urine output. Other medications address unrelated conditions like shock, hypertension, or edema.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client following a cardiac catheterization who has hives and urticaria following administration of IV contrast dye. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hives and urticaria suggest an allergic reaction to contrast dye. Diphenhydramine, an antihistamine, is used to relieve these symptoms. Spironolactone is a diuretic, metoclopramide treats nausea, and desmopressin manages diabetes insipidus, none of which address allergies.