ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has received propofol during a colonoscopy. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decrease in respiratory rate. Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic medication that can cause respiratory depression as a common adverse effect. This is due to its central nervous system depressant effects. The nurse should monitor the client closely for signs of decreased respiratory rate, such as shallow breathing or respiratory distress. Monitoring respiratory status is crucial to prevent respiratory compromise or arrest.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Increase in heart rate - Propofol typically causes a decrease in heart rate, not an increase.
C: Increase in bowel function - Propofol does not affect bowel function.
D: Decrease in body temperature - Propofol is not known to cause a decrease in body temperature.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheese, leading to hypertensive crisis. Tyramine can displace norepinephrine, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure. Somnolence (choice
A) is a common side effect of phenelzine but not related to the interaction with aged cheese. Diarrhea (choice
B) is not a typical manifestation of this interaction. Bradycardia (choice
C) is not associated with the MAOI and aged cheese interaction.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of a client who is receiving filgrastim. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: WBC count. Filgrastim is a medication that stimulates the production of white blood cells (WBCs). Monitoring the WBC count is essential to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment as an increase in WBC count indicates that the medication is working to boost the immune system.
A: Potassium level is not directly related to filgrastim therapy.
B: BUN (blood urea nitrogen) is not typically affected by filgrastim.
C: INR (International Normalized Ratio) is a measure of blood clotting and is not relevant to monitoring filgrastim therapy.
Therefore, the correct choice is D as it directly reflects the intended therapeutic effect of filgrastim.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who has cancer and is receiving morphine via a PCA pump. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nalbuphine. The nurse should clarify this prescription because nalbuphine is an opioid analgesic antagonist. Co-administration with morphine, an opioid agonist, can lead to decreased analgesic effects and potential opioid withdrawal symptoms. Acetaminophen (
B) is a non-opioid analgesic and does not interact significantly with morphine. Ondansetron (
C) is an antiemetic commonly used with opioids to prevent nausea and vomiting. Insulin glargine (
D) is a long-acting insulin used to manage diabetes and does not have a direct interaction with morphine.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who started haloperidol five days ago and is experiencing neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bromocriptine. Bromocriptine is a dopamine agonist that can help in the treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) by reducing dopamine levels in the brain. NMS is characterized by hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction. Bromocriptine helps counteract the excessive dopamine levels that contribute to NMS symptoms.
Summary of other choices:
A: Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms but not NMS.
B: Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose, not indicated for NMS.
D: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used for allergic reactions and sedation, not for NMS treatment.