ATI RN
ATI Nur285 Med Surg Fall Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote thinning of respiratory secretions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing fluid intake helps thin respiratory secretions by providing hydration, reducing the viscosity of sputum and aiding expectoration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) therapy via an infusion pump. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The IV tubing for TPN should be changed every 24 hours to prevent infection, as TPN is a high-risk solution for bacterial growth due to its high glucose content. Regular changes help reduce the risk of contamination and complications such as bloodstream infections.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is creating a plan of care to maintain the skin integrity of a client who experiences frequent diarrhea due to ulcerative colitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wiping the perianal area with warm water and applying a barrier cream is an appropriate and effective intervention to protect the skin. The warm water is gentle, and the barrier cream provides a protective layer that helps prevent skin breakdown from frequent contact with stool.
Extract:
Nurse's Notes: Day 1, 1530: Client appears restless. SaO2 92% on 40% humidified oxygen via tracheostomy collar. Lung fields with scattered rhonchi throughout. Tracheostomy suctioned for thin clear secretions. Day 1, 1545: Client appears less anxious. SaO2 98% on 40% humidified oxygen via tracheostomy collar. Breath sounds clear throughout. Day 3, 1530: Client appears restless. Buccal mucosa dusky. SaO2 88% on 40% humidified oxygen via tracheostomy collar. Lung fields with coarse crackles, diminished at right lower lobe. Tracheostomy suctioned for thick yellow secretions. Day 3, 1545: Client continues to appear restless. SaO2 94% on 40% humidified oxygen via tracheostomy collar. Breath sounds with intermittent crackles, diminished at right lower lobe. Vital Signs: Day 1, 1530: Temperature 36.9° C (98.5° F), Heart rate 100/min, Respiratory rate 22/min, Blood pressure 124/74 mm Hg, SaO2 92 % on 40% humidified oxygen. Day 3, 1530: Temperature 39.4° C (103° F), Heart rate 106/min, Respiratory rate 24/min, Blood pressure 128/76 mm Hg, SaO2 88% on 40% humidified oxygen. Diagnostic Results: Chest x-ray: right lower lobe opacity.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy. Drag words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The client has manifestations of..... and....
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Fever, decreased oxygen saturation, crackles, and chest x-ray opacity indicate pneumonia; low SaO2 and respiratory distress suggest hypoxia.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A client comes to the clinic complaining of dysphagia and states that 'he feels like food is stuck in his throat.' The physician suspects esophageal cancer. Which of the following is a risk factor for esophageal cancer?
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Family history and smoking tobacco are significant risk factors for esophageal cancer, increasing genetic and environmental risks.