ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Exams Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 0.45% sodium chloride (half-normal saline) is hypotonic, providing free water to dilute excess sodium in hypernatremia. Lactated Ringer’s and D5NS contain sodium, worsening hypernatremia, and D10W is for calories, not electrolytes.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for four hospitalized clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk for fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gastroenteritis with fever causes fluid loss via vomiting, diarrhea, and sweating, increasing fluid volume deficit risk. Renal failure and heart failure cause fluid excess, and brief NPO status is less severe.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a wrist restraint applied. For which of the following findings should the nurse loosen the restraint?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A cool, pale hand indicates impaired circulation, likely from a tight restraint, requiring loosening. Full range of motion and rapid capillary refill are normal, and attempting removal suggests looseness, not tightness.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The client tells the nurse, 'I can feel the congestion in my lungs, and I certainly cough a lot, but I can’t seem to bring anything up.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take to help this client with tenacious bronchial secretions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased fluid intake thins bronchial secretions, aiding expectoration in COPD. Low-salt diets, oxygen, and semi-Fowler’s position don’t directly address secretion viscosity.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been admitted for surgery for a colostomy. The patient states, 'I can’t believe this has happened to me.' What is the nurse’s best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acknowledging the patient’s feelings and reassuring them while inviting concerns provides support and encourages dialogue. Other responses are dismissive, irrelevant, or confrontational.