ATI RN
ATI N 1201222 Med Surg Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for the diuretic furosemide. For which adverse effect should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Furosemide causes potassium loss, risking hypokalemia, which can lead to muscle weakness and arrhythmias. It lowers blood pressure, reduces fluid volume, and doesn't affect glucose.
Question 2 of 5
A client presents to the healthcare setting with an episode of status epilepticus. Which of the following rescue medications would be utilized in this scenario to assist in stopping the client's seizures?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diazepam is a first-line benzodiazepine for status epilepticus, rapidly stopping seizures via GABA enhancement. Ethosuximide treats absence seizures, benztropine and levodopa manage Parkinson's, not seizures.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client currently taking oxymetazoline. Which of the following statements should the nurse include regarding oxymetazoline?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Oxymetazoline, a nasal decongestant, should be limited to 3 days to avoid rebound congestion. It's not for heart failure, acts rapidly, and doesn't cause drowsiness.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 75-year-old client with aspiration pneumonia. The nurse should recognize what age-related change can contribute to the development of aspiration pneumonia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A diminished cough reflex in older adults increases aspiration pneumonia risk by failing to clear airway secretions. Joint changes, gastric secretions, and smell sense are less relevant.
Question 5 of 5
The patient has just been started on enteral feeding and has developed diarrhea after being on the feeding for 2 hours. What does the nurse suspect is the most likely cause of the diarrhea?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Formula intolerance causes immediate diarrhea in new enteral feeding. C. difficile, antibiotics, and contamination typically have delayed onset.