ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has esophageal varices and is hypotensive after vomiting 500 mL of blood. Which of the following actions is the nurse's highest priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increasing IV fluid rate is the priority to stabilize hypotension and restore blood volume in acute blood loss.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is assessing an older adult client who has community-acquired pneumonia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Confusion is a common symptom in older adults with pneumonia due to hypoxia or systemic inflammation.
Question 3 of 5
A 24-year-old female client comes to the ambulatory care center in moderate distress with a probable diagnosis of acute cystitis. Which symptom should the nurse expect the client to report during the assessment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dysuria, or painful urination, is a hallmark symptom of acute cystitis due to bladder and urethral inflammation.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is a rationale for prescribing total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for a patient with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: TPN provides nutrients intravenously, allowing the bowel to rest and heal, which is critical in IBD management. Reducing inflammation, stimulating the bowel, or preventing malnutrition are not the primary rationales.
Question 5 of 5
A 45-year-old patient with a history of chronic alcohol use presents to the emergency department with epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. Which of the following findings would best support a diagnosis of acute gastritis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erosion of the gastric mucosa on endoscopy is the hallmark of acute gastritis, often caused by alcohol irritation.