ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 2 Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing’s syndrome. The nurse should recognize that which of the following are manifestations of Cushing’s syndrome?
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: The correct manifestations of Cushing's syndrome are Buffalo hump (accumulation of fat between the shoulders), Moon face (rounding and reddening of the face), Hypertension (due to cortisol's effects on blood pressure regulation), and Purple striae (stretch marks due to skin thinning). Tremors are not typically associated with Cushing's syndrome. It is crucial for the nurse to recognize these specific manifestations to provide appropriate care and monitoring for the client with Cushing's syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of a newborn about car seat use. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Position the newborn at a 45-degree angle in the car seat. This is important because newborns have limited neck strength and need to be positioned at a reclined angle to keep their airway open and prevent their head from flopping forward, reducing the risk of suffocation. Placing the newborn at a 45-degree angle also helps prevent slumping which can compromise their breathing.
A: Placing the shoulder harness straps below the newborn's armpits can lead to improper positioning and potential injury in case of a crash.
B: Keeping the car seat rear-facing until the newborn can sit unsupported is a general guideline but not specific to the proper angle of positioning.
C: Placing the retainer clip across the newborn's abdomen can cause abdominal injury in a crash and should be positioned at armpit level.
E, F, G: No additional choices provided.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of an acute hemolytic reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Client report of low back pain. This is indicative of an acute hemolytic reaction during a blood transfusion. Hemolysis of red blood cells can lead to the release of hemoglobin, causing back pain. A productive cough (choice
A) is more likely to be associated with fluid overload. Distended neck veins (choice
B) can indicate fluid overload or heart failure. Tinnitus (choice
D) can be a sign of salicylate toxicity or ototoxicity but is not directly related to a hemolytic reaction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted for elective surgery and has a history of Addison’s disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: D - Hyperpigmentation
Rationale: Addison's disease is characterized by adrenal insufficiency, leading to decreased cortisol production. Hyperpigmentation is a classic sign due to elevated ACTH levels stimulating melanocytes. Intention tremors (
A), purple striations (
B), and hirsutism (
C) are not typical findings in Addison's disease. Hyperpigmentation is the most indicative of adrenal insufficiency in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer lansoprazole 30 mg PO daily to a client. The amount available is lansoprazole 10 mg per tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: The correct answer is 3 tablets.
To achieve a total dose of 30 mg daily, with each tablet containing 10 mg, the nurse should administer 3 tablets per dose. This calculation ensures the client receives the prescribed dosage. Other choices are incorrect because administering fewer tablets would result in an inadequate dose, while administering more tablets would exceed the prescribed dosage, potentially leading to adverse effects. It is essential to follow precise calculations to ensure safe and effective medication administration.