ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver and is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings indicates that the client responding to the treatment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased ascites. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic commonly used in cirrhosis to reduce fluid retention and ascites. Decreased ascites indicates that the medication is effectively reducing fluid accumulation in the abdomen, a common complication of cirrhosis. Increased appetite (
A) and increased energy (
D) are not direct indicators of spironolactone's effectiveness in treating cirrhosis. Decreased jaundice (
B) may not be directly influenced by spironolactone.
Question 2 of 5
A charge nurse is orienting a newly licensed nurse about pain management principles related to clients' age. Which of the following information should the newly licensed nurse consider when administering opioids?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Older adults require lower doses of opioids. This is because as individuals age, there are physiological changes that affect drug metabolism and elimination, leading to increased sensitivity to opioids. Older adults are more susceptible to adverse effects such as respiratory depression and sedation at standard doses.
Therefore, it is important to start with lower doses and titrate carefully to achieve pain relief while minimizing side effects.
Choice A is incorrect because adults do not necessarily require higher doses due to pain intolerance; individual variations in pain perception and tolerance exist regardless of age.
Choice C is incorrect because young children should receive opioid doses based on age and pain severity, not just weight alone.
Choice D is incorrect because there is no evidence to support giving young adults half the dose of opioids to prevent misuse; proper dosing should be based on individual pain assessment and needs.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to transcribe a prescription for a client that reads 'ondansetron 8 mg by mouth every 12 hr PRN.' Which of the following parts of the prescription should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Reason. The nurse should clarify the reason for prescribing ondansetron to ensure appropriate use and effectiveness. Route (
B), frequency (
C), and dose (
D) are all standard components of a prescription and are clear in this case. The reason for prescribing a medication is crucial in determining if the medication is appropriate for the client's condition. Clarifying the reason also helps prevent medication errors and ensures optimal patient outcomes.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of warfarin to a client. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse review prior to administration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: PT (Prothrombin Time). Before administering warfarin, the nurse should review the PT because warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting clotting factors, particularly factor II (prothrombin). Monitoring PT helps assess the effectiveness of warfarin therapy and ensures the client's blood is not too thin, increasing the risk of bleeding. A: WBC (White Blood Cell count) is not relevant to monitoring warfarin therapy. B: PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time) is not specific for monitoring warfarin therapy. C:
Total iron-binding capacity is not related to monitoring warfarin therapy.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client for the first time and needs to know about potential food and medication interactions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Consulting a drug reference guide for possible interactions is crucial because it provides evidence-based information on potential food and medication interactions. This step allows the nurse to make informed decisions and ensure the client's safety. Option B is incorrect as taking medication on an empty stomach doesn't necessarily prevent interactions. Option C is incorrect as relying on another nurse's awareness may not always be reliable. Option D is incorrect as the medical record may not always have updated information on all possible interactions.