ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has an admited diagnosis of renal calculi and a medical history of hypertension and gout. The client works 6 days a week outside in temperatures between 32.2°C to 37.8°C (90°F to 100°F). Which of the following should the nurse tell the client to prevent a recurrence of renal calculi?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High fluid intake prevents urine concentration, reducing stone formation. Oxalate-rich and purine-rich diets increase risk, and gout medication is unrelated.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyperkalemia occurs in prerenal AKI due to reduced potassium excretion from decreased renal perfusion. Hypernatremia, hypophosphatemia, and hypercalcemia are not typical.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is performing an assessment of a female client in the clinic. The client reports foul-smelling urine and pain with urination. The client states, 'I bet I have a UTI. Why do I tend to get urinary tract infections?' Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the explanation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A shorter urethra in females allows easier bacterial access to the bladder, increasing UTI risk. Showering, E. coli levels, and sexual activity assumptions are incorrect.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney disease about fluid restrictions. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse identify as understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Not counting ice cream as fluid shows misunderstanding, as it contributes to fluid intake, indicating correct understanding of restrictions.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is discussing kidney transplant with a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this treatment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Active alcohol use disorder is a contraindication for kidney transplant due to recovery requirements. Cancer history, pacemakers, and age are not absolute barriers.