ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 2 Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following arterial blood gas values would the nurse expect this client to have?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: pH 7.26, HCO₃ 14, PaCO₂ 30. In acute kidney injury (AKI), the kidneys cannot regulate acid-base balance, leading to metabolic acidosis. The pH is low (acidosis), HCO₃ is low indicating metabolic acidosis, and PaCO₂ is low due to compensatory respiratory alkalosis.
Choices B and D have high pH values, which are not consistent with metabolic acidosis.
Choice C has a normal HCO₃ value, which is not expected in AKI.
Choice C also has a high PaCO₂, which is not consistent with compensatory respiratory alkalosis in metabolic acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is triaging victims of a multiple motor vehicle crash. The nurse assesses a client trapped under a car who is apneic and has a weak pulse of 120/min. After repositioning his upper airway, the client remains apneic. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Place a black tag on the client's upper body and attempt to help the next client in need. In a multiple casualty incident, the concept of triage is crucial to prioritize care. The client in this scenario is apneic despite repositioning the airway, indicating a poor prognosis. Placing a black tag signifies that the client is not breathing and has no pulse, and resources should be allocated to those with a higher chance of survival. This decision maximizes the overall number of lives saved.
Choice A is incorrect because further repositioning will not change the client's status.
Choice B is incorrect as placing a red tag is reserved for clients with immediate life-threatening injuries but still have a chance of survival.
Choice D would be inappropriate as CPR is not indicated when the client does not have a pulse.
Question 3 of 5
A charge nurse is admitting a client who has bipolar disorder and who is in the manic phase. Which of the following room assignments should the nurse give the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A private room in a quiet location on the unit. This is the best choice as it provides a calm and controlled environment which is essential for managing manic symptoms. Manic clients often have heightened energy levels, decreased need for sleep, and can be easily distracted. Placing them in a private room away from potential triggers like noise and distractions can help reduce stimulation and promote rest.
Choice B: A private room across from the exercise room may lead to increased activity and agitation, worsening manic symptoms.
Choice C: A semi-private room across from the day room may expose the client to high levels of activity and social interactions, which can exacerbate manic behaviors.
Choice D: A semi-private room across from the snack area may lead to increased impulsivity and unhealthy eating habits, which are common in manic episodes.
In summary, choice A is the best option as it provides a quiet and controlled environment to help manage manic symptoms effectively.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a newborn. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Your baby will only receive the hepatitis B vaccine prior to discharge. This is correct because the hepatitis B vaccine is typically given to newborns shortly after birth, before discharge from the hospital. This vaccination helps protect against hepatitis B virus infection. The other options are incorrect because: A is incorrect as the first diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis vaccine is usually given at 2 months, not 2 weeks. B is incorrect because the measles, mumps, rubella vaccine is typically given at around 12-15 months, not 6 months. D is incorrect as the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is usually given at 2, 4, 6, and 12-15 months, not just on the first birthday. E, F, G are not provided as options.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing preoperative teaching for a client who is scheduled for a gastrectomy. Which of the following information regarding the prevention of postoperative complications should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Instruct the client about the use of a sequential compression device. This is essential in preventing postoperative complications such as deep vein thrombosis. Sequential compression devices promote circulation and reduce the risk of blood clots. Discussing visitation policy (
A) is important for emotional support but not directly related to preventing complications. Teaching how to use the PCA pump (
C) and reviewing the pain scale (
D) are important for pain management but not specific to preventing postoperative complications.