ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 2 Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a newly applied fiberglass cast for a fractured tibia. Which of the following is the priority action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Perform a neurovascular assessment. This is the priority action because it ensures circulation and nerve function are intact, preventing complications like compartment syndrome. Explanation of discharge instructions (
A) is important but not the priority. Providing reassurance (
C) is supportive but not urgent. Applying an ice pack (
D) can cause skin damage due to decreased sensation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of aplastic anemia. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Aplastic anemia results from decreased bone marrow production of RBCs. In aplastic anemia, the bone marrow fails to produce enough red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This leads to pancytopenia, a reduction in all blood cell types. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the pathophysiology of aplastic anemia. Increased rate of RBC destruction (
A) is seen in hemolytic anemias, decreased intake of iron (
B) is associated with iron-deficiency anemia, and inability to absorb vitamin B12 (
D) is characteristic of pernicious anemia, not aplastic anemia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: The correct answer is B, D, and E. Children with autism spectrum disorder often exhibit delayed language development (
B), repetitive behavior (
D), and playing with toys repetitively (E). Delayed language development is a common characteristic of autism, as individuals may have difficulty with communication skills. Repetitive behavior is another hallmark of autism, such as repetitive movements or insistence on sameness. Playing with toys repetitively is a common behavior seen in children with autism, as they may engage in repetitive activities or focus intensely on specific objects.
Choices A and C are incorrect as children with autism may have difficulty sustaining attention and struggle with eye contact.
Choices F and G are not provided.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 15 mg/kg/day divided equally every 12 hours. The client weighs 198 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer with each dose?
Correct Answer: 675
Rationale:
Correct Answer: 675
Rationale:
1. Convert weight from lb to kg: 198 lb ÷ 2.2 = 90 kg.
2. Calculate total daily dose: 15 mg/kg/day x 90 kg = 1350 mg/day.
3. Divide total daily dose by 2 for equal doses every 12 hours: 1350 mg/2 = 675 mg per dose.
Summary:
A, B, C, D, E, F, G: These options do not follow the correct calculation steps. A, B, C, D, E, F, G are incorrect because they do not consider the weight conversion, total daily dose calculation, and dosage frequency requirements.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client prior to administering atenolol. Which of the following findings should prompt the nurse to withhold the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heart rate 46/min. Atenolol is a beta-blocker that slows down heart rate. A heart rate of 46/min indicates bradycardia, which is a contraindication for administering atenolol. Oxygen saturation of 95% (
A) is within normal range, respiratory rate of 18/min (
B) is also normal, and blood pressure of 160/94 mm Hg (
C) may be high but not a reason to withhold atenolol. In summary, bradycardia is the key factor in withholding atenolol, as it can further decrease heart rate and lead to adverse effects.