ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 2 Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of urolithiasis. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an associated risk factor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Family history. Urolithiasis, also known as kidney stones, can have a genetic component, making a family history a significant risk factor. Individuals with a family history of kidney stones are more likely to develop them themselves. Diuretic use (
A) can contribute to stone formation but is not as directly linked as family history. A BMI less than 25 (
B) is not a direct risk factor for urolithiasis. Hypocalcemia (
C) may increase the risk of certain types of stones, but it is not a universal risk factor.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a puncture wound on his foot. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of acute osteomyelitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Localized edema. Acute osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone that can result from a puncture wound. Localized edema is a common manifestation due to the inflammatory response in the affected area. Hypothermia, numbness of toes, and bradycardia are not typical manifestations of acute osteomyelitis. Hypothermia is more commonly associated with severe infections or sepsis. Numbness of toes may indicate nerve damage rather than bone infection. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate and is not directly related to osteomyelitis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a unit of packed red blood cells. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of an acute hemolytic reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Client report of low back pain. This is indicative of an acute hemolytic reaction during a blood transfusion. Hemolysis of red blood cells can lead to the release of hemoglobin, causing back pain. A productive cough (choice
A) is more likely to be associated with fluid overload. Distended neck veins (choice
B) can indicate fluid overload or heart failure. Tinnitus (choice
D) can be a sign of salicylate toxicity or ototoxicity but is not directly related to a hemolytic reaction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about dietary recommendations to a client who has iron deficiency anemia. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include as a food that enhances iron absorption when consumed with nonheme iron?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D:
Tomato juice.
Tomato juice contains vitamin C, which enhances the absorption of nonheme iron. Vitamin C helps to convert nonheme iron into a more absorbable form, increasing the body's ability to take in iron from plant-based sources. Tea (
A) contains compounds that can inhibit iron absorption. Dried beans (
B) contain phytates that can reduce iron absorption. Milk (
C) contains calcium which can inhibit iron absorption.
Therefore, the best recommendation for enhancing iron absorption when consuming nonheme iron is to include foods rich in vitamin C, such as tomato juice.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newborn who has hydrocephalus. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to find?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dilated scalp veins. In hydrocephalus, there is an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain ventricles, leading to increased intracranial pressure. This pressure can cause dilation of scalp veins as a compensatory mechanism to help drain excess fluid. Overriding suture lines (
B) are associated with craniosynostosis, not hydrocephalus. Hypertension (
C) is not a typical manifestation of hydrocephalus. A backward sloping appearance of the forehead (
D) is seen in some genetic conditions like Down syndrome, not specifically in hydrocephalus.