ATI RN
ATI Nurs 180 Pharmacology Quiz II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client recently prescribed doxycycline (Doryx) for the treatment of a urinary tract infection. Which of the following statements below applies to doxycycline (Doryx)?
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Doxycycline is contraindicated in breastfeeding women as it can affect bone and teeth development in infants. It causes photosensitivity, increasing sunburn risk. Antacids (containing calcium, magnesium, or aluminum) interfere with its absorption. It can cause teeth discoloration, especially in children or during pregnancy. Hyperglycemia is not a known side effect.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a leukemia has been placed on methotrexate. Which of the following mechanism of actions below describes this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Methotrexate is an antimetabolite that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, an enzyme involved in folic acid synthesis, impairing DNA synthesis critical for rapidly dividing cells like those in leukemia. It does not stop fungal growth, alter pH levels, or specifically inhibit helper T cells (a mechanism associated with immunosuppressive drugs like cyclosporine).
Question 3 of 5
A client exposed to anthrax has presented to the healthcare setting. Which of the following medications below is the treatment for this biological exposure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, is the recommended first-line antibiotic for treating anthrax exposure due to its efficacy against Bacillus anthracis, the bacteria causing anthrax. Amoxicillin/clavulanate is a broad-spectrum antibiotic but not preferred for anthrax. Nystatin is an antifungal and ineffective against bacterial infections. Tamoxifen is used for breast cancer and has no role in treating anthrax.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results would the nurse assess for to determine therapeutic effectiveness?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epoetin alfa stimulates red blood cell production, increasing hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, which are monitored to assess effectiveness in treating anemia associated with chronic renal disease. Clotting factors, leukocyte count, and liver function tests (ALT & AST) are not directly affected by epoetin alfa.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who is beginning highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for HIV which includes zidovudine. The nurse should include teaching regarding which black box warning associated with this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Zidovudine carries a black box warning for lactic acidosis, a rare but serious complication. Clients should be educated on symptoms like muscle pain and weakness. It is not associated with uterine cancer, oral candidiasis (though common in HIV), or thromboembolic events.