ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Final Exam Nsg 232 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with infective endocarditis. Which of the following manifestations indicate that the client's condition is worsening?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Worsening dyspnea may indicate complications like heart failure or pulmonary embolism, suggesting a deteriorating condition.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client following a left lobectomy for lung cancer. The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions to prevent atelectasis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Incentive spirometry promotes deep breathing and lung expansion, preventing atelectasis post-lobectomy.
Extract:
Diagnostic Result
HbA1C 6.2% (less than 7%)
Blood glucose 102 mg/dL (82 to 115 mg/dL)
Hemoglobin 14.2 g/dL (14.2 to 18 g/dL)
Hematocrit 42.6% (42% to 52%)
Total WBC count 6,000/mm3 (5,000 to 10,000/mm3)
HDL 35 mg/dL (greater than 45 mg/dL)
LDL 142 mg/dL (less than 130 mg/dL)
Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) 352 pg/mL (less than 100 pg/mL)
Chest x-ray: Shows cardiomegaly and bibasilar pleural congestion.
Medication Administration Record
Metformin 850 mg PO q am
Digoxin 0.25 mg PO q am
Carvedilol 25 mg PO bid
Furosemide 40 mg IV bolus once now
Vital Signs
BP 146/98 mm Hg
Temperature 36.8º C (98.2º F)
Pulse rate 106/min
Respirations 24/min
O2 saturation 94% on 2 L/min nasal cannula
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to care for an 84-year-old male client who is being admitted to a medical unit from a provider's office. The nurse reviews the client's medical records to prepare the client's plan of care. Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Elevated BNP, cardiomegaly, and pleural congestion indicate heart failure. Elevating the bed and a low-sodium diet manage symptoms, while monitoring urinary output and blood pressure assesses treatment efficacy.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Client admitted to medical-surgical floor from the emergency department (ED). Client has a history of HIV, first diagnosed 15 years ago, that has recently progressed to AIDS. Client presents with headache, diarrhea, night sweats, and weight loss for approximately 1 week.
Vital signs
Day 1:
Temperature: 37.3° C (99.1° F) Heart rate: 98/min
Respiratory rate: 16/min BP: 104/74 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation: 96% on room air Day 2:
Temperature 38.4 C (101.1 F) Heart rate 100/min Respiratory rate 18/min
BP 98/54 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation 95% on room air
A nurse is caring for a client who has AIDS.
Diagnostic Results
Day 1:
WBC count 3.500/mm3 (5,000-10,000 mm3)
Hemoglobin 16 g/dL (12 to 18 g/dL)
Hematocrit 48% (37% to 52%)
Potassium 3.7 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mEq/L)
Sodium 141 mEq/L (136 to 145 mEq/L)
CD4 t-cell count 200 mm3 (800 to 1,000 mm3)
Day 2
WBC count 3,100/mm3 (5,000 to 10,000 mm3)
Hemoglobin 17 g/dL (12 to 18 g/dL)
Hematocrit 51% (37% to 52%)
Potassium 3.9 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mEq/L)
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has AIDS. The client is at highest risk for developing due to their
Correct Answer: B, D
Rationale: A CD4 T-cell count below 200/mm3 increases the risk of opportunistic infections like Pneumocystis pneumonia.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A home care visiting nurse suspects that an older adult client is developing chronic renal disease. Since the client has no history of cardiovascular disease, what data should the nurse assess further?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Progressive edema is a specific indicator of declining kidney function due to fluid retention.