ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has Addison's disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teaching the parents about cortical replacement therapy is crucial. Addison's disease results from adrenal insufficiency, and cortical replacement therapy, typically with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, is the mainstay of treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney failure about planning a low-protein diet. The client states, 'Why do I have to be concerned about protein?' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low-protein diet reduces the risk for uremia, a condition resulting from chronic kidney failure where urea and other waste products build up in the body due to impaired renal function.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is discussing kidney transplant with a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contraindication for this treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic alcohol abuse can lead to multiple organ damage and increased surgical risks, making it a contraindication for kidney transplant.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. For which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis can lead to potassium depletion causing muscle weakness, decreased calcium ionization causing circumoral paresthesia, and cerebral vasoconstriction causing dizziness.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 0.45% sodium chloride, also known as half-normal saline, is a hypotonic solution with a lower concentration of sodium than normal serum levels. It can help to lower the sodium levels in a client with hypernatremia by diluting the excess sodium in the body.