ATI RN
ATI Capstone Week 11 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has experienced some loss of bone density. The nurse observes a 'hunchback' curvature of the client's spine. The nurse should expect the provider to document which of the following disorders?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Kyphosis. Kyphosis is a condition characterized by an excessive outward curvature of the spine, leading to a 'hunchback' appearance. In older adults with loss of bone density, such as osteoporosis, kyphosis can develop due to vertebral compression fractures. Ankylosis (
A) is a condition of stiffness or fusion of joints, not related to the spine curvature seen in this case. Scoliosis (
B) is a sideways curvature of the spine, not the forward curvature seen in kyphosis. Lordosis (
C) is an inward curvature of the spine, typically in the lower back, and is not associated with a 'hunchback' appearance.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in labor and delivery is caring for a client. Following delivery of the placenta, the nurse examines the umbilical cord. Which of the following vessels should the nurse expect to observe in the umbilical cord?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Two arteries and one vein. This is because the umbilical cord typically contains two arteries (carrying deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta) and one vein (carrying oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus). This configuration is essential for fetal circulation and nutrient exchange during pregnancy.
Choice A (One artery and one vein) is incorrect as it does not reflect the typical composition of the umbilical cord.
Choice B (Two veins and one artery) is incorrect because the umbilical cord does not contain two veins; it contains one vein and two arteries.
Choice D (Two arteries and two veins) is incorrect as it describes an atypical structure of the umbilical cord.
In summary, the correct answer, C, is supported by the physiological function of the umbilical cord in fetal circulation, making it the most appropriate choice compared to the other options.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 38 weeks of gestation and undergoing a contraction stress test. The test results are negative. Which of the following interpretations of this finding should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct interpretation is A: There is no evidence of uteroplacental insufficiency. A negative contraction stress test indicates that the placenta is providing adequate oxygen to the fetus during contractions, ruling out uteroplacental insufficiency.
Choice B is incorrect as the number of contractions is not the primary indicator of the test result.
Choice C is incorrect as accelerations in fetal heart rate are not the focus of a contraction stress test.
Choice D is incorrect as cervical incompetence is not assessed through a contraction stress test.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is in her first trimester of pregnancy and asks the nurse if she can continue to exercise during pregnancy. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Daily jogging for up to 30 minutes is fine throughout the pregnancy. This response is appropriate because moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, like jogging, is generally safe and beneficial during pregnancy, especially in the first trimester. Jogging helps improve cardiovascular fitness and can help manage weight gain. It is important to advise the client to listen to her body, stay hydrated, and avoid overexertion.
Choice A is incorrect because exercising during pregnancy is recommended, as long as it is safe and appropriate for the individual.
Choice B is incorrect as activities that raise body temperature, such as saunas and hot tubs, are not safe during pregnancy as they can lead to overheating.
Choice D is incorrect as pregnant clients are encouraged to engage in a variety of exercises, including aerobic activities, not just limiting to stretching activities.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in the labor and delivery unit is caring for a client who is undergoing external fetal monitoring. The nurse observes that the fetal heart rate begins to slow after the start of a contraction, and the lowest rate occurs after the peak of the contraction. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Place the client in the lateral position. This action helps improve maternal perfusion and oxygenation to the fetus by increasing blood flow to the placenta. Placing the client in the lateral position can alleviate compression on the vena cava, which may be causing the fetal heart rate deceleration. Elevating the client's legs (
B) may not directly address the issue of decreased perfusion. Increasing the rate of maintenance IV infusion (
C) may not be necessary if the vena cava compression is the cause. Administering oxygen using a nonrebreather mask (
D) may be indicated if the fetal heart rate deceleration persists, but placing the client in the lateral position should be the initial intervention.