ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics Nursing 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The child swallows frequently. This is the priority because frequent swallowing can indicate bleeding after a tonsillectomy, which is a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention to prevent complications like airway obstruction and hemorrhage. Refusing clear liquids (
A) may be due to discomfort but is not as urgent. Crying often (
B) is common post-surgery and not necessarily indicative of a critical issue. Throat pain increasing (
D) is expected after a tonsillectomy and can be managed with pain medication.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newly admitted child who has cystic fibrosis. For which of the following members of the interprofessional team should the nurse initiate a referral?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Dietitian. Children with cystic fibrosis often require specialized nutritional support due to malabsorption issues. A dietitian can assess the child's nutritional status, provide individualized dietary plans, and monitor their growth. Referring to an occupational therapist (
A) may not be the priority as there are no indications of specific occupational therapy needs. Speech-language pathologists (
B) primarily address communication and swallowing disorders, which are not the main concerns in cystic fibrosis. Physical therapists (
D) focus on mobility and physical function, which are not the primary issues in cystic fibrosis management.
Extract:
A nurse is planning care for a child who has a prescription to transfuse 2 units of packed RBCs.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infuse each unit of blood within 4 hr. This is crucial to prevent bacterial contamination and ensure blood product integrity. Storing blood at room temperature for too long (
A) can promote bacterial growth. Administering RBCs with non-filtered IV tubing (
C) can lead to potential infusion reactions due to the presence of microaggregates. Infusing dextrose 5% in water during packed RBC infusion (
D) can cause hemolysis due to the low osmolarity of the solution.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Implement a 3-hr feeding schedule. Infants with heart failure may have decreased appetite and fatigue. Implementing a 3-hour feeding schedule helps prevent overfeeding and ensures adequate nutrition without overwhelming the infant. This approach also allows for rest periods between feedings to help conserve energy.
Choice A is incorrect because allowing the infant to self-soothe by crying prior to feeding can increase stress levels, which is not recommended for infants with heart failure.
Choice B is incorrect as infants with heart failure may tire easily, so feeding for 45 minutes at a time may be too long and exhausting for them.
Choice D is incorrect as placing the infant in a recumbent position during feeding can increase the risk of aspiration, especially in infants with heart failure.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of parents about childhood immunizations. The nurse should identify that infants should receive the first dose of which of the following immunizations at 12 months of age?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Varicella. Infants should receive the first dose of varicella (chickenpox) vaccine at 12 months of age to provide protection against the varicella virus, which can cause a highly contagious and potentially severe illness. Varicella vaccine is recommended by the CDC for children at this age to prevent complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis, and skin infections. The vaccine is given in two doses, with the second dose typically administered between ages 4-6 years.
Incorrect choices:
A: Inactivated polio virus - The first dose of inactivated polio virus vaccine is usually given at 2 months of age.
B: Hepatitis B - The first dose of hepatitis B vaccine is typically administered shortly after birth.
C: Human papillomavirus - HPV vaccine is not usually given until adolescence.
E, F, G: No information provided.