ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has schizophrenia and has been on long-term treatment with chlorpromazine. He notes the client is experiencing some involuntary movements of the tongue and face. The nurse should suspect the client has developed which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia is a common adverse effect of long-term antipsychotic medication use, such as chlorpromazine. It is characterized by involuntary movements of the tongue and face. This condition is often irreversible and can be distressing for the client. Akathisia (choice
A) is a different extrapyramidal side effect characterized by restlessness and the urge to move constantly. Dystonia (choice
C) is another extrapyramidal side effect that presents as sustained muscle contractions causing abnormal postures. In this case, the symptoms described in the question are more indicative of tardive dyskinesia due to the specific type of involuntary movements observed in the client.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a child who is prescribed diphenhydramine 25 mg elixir every 4 hours as needed. The amount available is diphenhydramine elixir 12.5 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale:
Correct Answer: 2 mL
Rationale:
To calculate the mL per dose, divide the prescribed mg by the concentration in mg/mL. 25 mg ÷ 12.5 mg/mL = 2 mL. This dosage ensures the correct amount of diphenhydramine is administered.
Summary of Other
Choices:
A: Incorrect, as it does not calculate the dosage correctly.
B-G: Irrelevant as they do not provide any calculations or rationale for the correct dosage.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who has pertussis. Which of the following types of transmission-based precautions should the nurse initiate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Droplet precautions. Pertussis is primarily spread through respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing. Droplet precautions involve wearing a mask and eye protection to prevent transmission through these droplets. Airborne precautions are for diseases spread through small particles, contact precautions are for direct physical contact, and protective precautions are not a standard type of transmission-based precaution. Droplet precautions are the most appropriate choice for pertussis to prevent the spread of the infection to others.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse at a provider’s office is providing teaching to a client who is taking chemotherapy and losing weight. Which of the following should the nurse recommend to increase calorie and protein intake? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, C, and D. Adding cream to soups, dipping meats in eggs and bread crumbs, using milk instead of water in recipes, and topping fruits with yogurt are all effective ways to increase calorie and protein intake for a client undergoing chemotherapy and losing weight. Cream, eggs, bread crumbs, milk, and yogurt are all calorie-dense and protein-rich foods that can help the client meet their nutritional needs. These options provide additional nutrients without adding bulk, making them suitable for someone with a reduced appetite.
Choices E, F, and G are incorrect because increasing fluids during meals does not directly address the need for increased calories and protein, and options F and G are not provided in the question.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving vancomycin. The nurse notes a flushing of the neck and tachycardia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decrease the infusion rate on the IV. Flushing of the neck and tachycardia are common signs of "Red Man Syndrome," a potential adverse reaction to vancomycin infusion. Decreasing the infusion rate can help alleviate these symptoms. Documentation (
B) of an anaphylactic reaction is inaccurate because these symptoms are not indicative of an anaphylactic reaction. Changing the IV site (
C) is unnecessary as the symptoms are likely due to the medication itself. Applying cold compresses (
D) is not effective for this reaction.