ATI RN
ATI SP 250 Exam 3 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing an older adult client whose son reports that the client has been sick with a respiratory illness for the past 6 days. Which of the following assessment findings is a manifestation of pneumonia in the older adult client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This is because older adults may not have typical signs and symptoms of pneumonia, such as fever, cough, and chest pain. Instead, they may present with confusion, lethargy, or delirium due to hypoxia or dehydration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse on a medical-surgical unit is performing an admission assessment of a client who has COPD with emphysema. The client reports that he has a frequent productive cough and is short of breath. The nurse should anticipate which of the following assessment findings for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This is because emphysema causes destruction of alveolar walls and loss of elastic recoil, which leads to air trapping and hyperinflation of the lungs. This results in a barrel-shaped chest and increased chest circumference.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Vital Signs
Medication
Home health nurse admission note:
Client discharged from healthcare facility yesterday following a 4-day stay for exacerbation of COPD. Lives alone; alert and oriented to person, place, and time. Lung fields with scattered rhonchi throughout, cough productive for thick white sputum, dyspnea with minimal exertion.
Clubbing is noted on fingers, chest is barrel-shaped. Supplemental oxygen at 2L/min via nasal cannula.
Home Health Nurse Note 3 days following discharge from health care facility: Client sleeping in recliner with nasal canula on their lap; awakens easily and is oriented to person but disoriented to place and time.
Lung sounds with scattered rhonchi, cough productive for thick, yellow secretions. 2+pitting edema bilateral in ankles and feet.
Re-oriented client. Client states "I don't remember if I did that breathing machine thing you told me about."
Instructed client on oxygen use, safety, and nebulizer treatments. Elevated lower extremities.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD. Select the 5 findings that require follow-up.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E,F
Rationale: Disorientation may indicate hypoxia, infection, or medication side effects. Yellow sputum may indicate a bacterial infection that requires antibiotics. Nebulizer use may indicate that the client is not using it correctly or regularly as prescribed, which can affect their lung function and oxygenation. Ankle edema may indicate fluid overload or heart failure, which can worsen COPD symptoms and increase the risk of complications. Living alone may pose safety risks for the client, especially if they are disoriented or have difficulty managing their oxygen and nebulizer treatments.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis and is to start combination drug therapy. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: This is because these medications are antimycobacterial agents that inhibit the growth and replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication, and montelukast is used for asthma.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has viral rhinitis and a history of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) lesions. The nurse should assess which of the following areas of the body for the recurrence of HSV-1 lesions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This is because HSV-1 typically causes oral herpes, which manifests as cold sores or fever blisters around the mouth or lips.