ATI RN
ATI SP 250 Exam 3 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has AIDS. The nurse notes that the client has multiple and widespread raised, purplish-brown skin lesions. The nurse should recognize that these findings indicate which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kaposi's sarcoma is a cancer that causes abnormal growth of blood vessels and connective tissue, resulting in purplish-brown lesions. It is associated with AIDS due to immunosuppression and human herpesvirus 8 infection. The lesions are caused by human herpesvirus 8 and can appear anywhere on the body, but are more common on the face, trunk, and extremities.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a burn treatment center is caring for a client who is admitted with severe burns to both lower extremities and is scheduled for an escharotomy. The client's spouse asks the nurse what the procedure entails. Which of the following nursing statements is appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An escharotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making incisions in the eschar, which is the hard, blackened tissue that forms over a severe burn wound. The eschar can restrict blood flow and cause compartment syndrome, which can lead to tissue necrosis and nerve damage. By cutting through the eschar, the pressure is relieved and circulation is restored.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has tuberculosis and is to start combination drug therapy. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: This is because these medications are antimycobacterial agents that inhibit the growth and replication of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication, and montelukast is used for asthma.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has burns to his face, ears, and eyelids. The nurse should identify which of the following is the priority finding to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Difficulty swallowing is the priority finding to report to the provider.
Rationale: This is because difficulty swallowing can indicate airway edema, which can compromise breathing and oxygenation. The nurse should monitor the client's respiratory status and administer oxygen as prescribed. The other findings are also important, but not as urgent as airway obstruction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has emphysema about self-management strategies. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with emphysema often have an increased caloric demand due to the effort required to breathe. A diet high in calories and protein can help maintain energy levels and prevent muscle wasting.