ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Final Exam Nsg 232 Questions
Extract:
Client History
84-year-old client diagnosed with stage 4 lung cancer with metastasis to the brain and liver. Client lives with his daughter and her family, who are his main caregivers at home. Client's advance directives states that he does not want CPR, intravenous fluids, antibiotics, a feeding tube, or hospitalization at the end of life. Daughter is his health care power of attorney.
Nurse's Notes
Client sitting in recliner. Awake and confused, and insists he needs to go see his wife, who has been deceased for 15 years. Daughter states is very concerned because the client has become more agitated over the past two days and is not sleeping at night. Client's skin is hot and pale, oral mucosa dry. Breath sounds diminished throughout with coarse rhonchi on the right.
Productive cough with large amounts of thick, white sputum. Client reports "terrible" pain in his back that is not being relieved by his current pain medication. Taking sips of water but refuses food and reports having no appetite.
Vital Signs
B/P 108/60
HR 88 irregular
Temp 100.8 F (38.22 C)
RR 18
Sp 02 92% on 2L 02
Question 1 of 5
A nurse caring for a client who is at home on hospice care. At the end of the visit, the nurse reevaluates the client. Indicate if the assessment findings are improved, show no change, or show that the client has declined.
| Options | Improved | No change Declined |
|---|---|---|
| Client calm not agitated. Grimaces with movement. | ||
| Oral mucous membranes dry. | ||
| Axillary temp 102 F (38.9 C), client shivering. | ||
| Productive cough. | ||
| Coarse rhonchi bilaterally. Crackles in bases. | ||
| Respirations irregular with periods of apnea | ||
| Client resting in recliner. RR 12, regular |
Correct Answer: No change, No change, Declined, No change, Declined, Improved, Improved
Rationale: Calmness with grimacing indicates no change in pain; dry mucosa and productive cough persist; increased temperature and worsening lung sounds indicate decline; regular respirations and lower RR show improvement.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for chemotherapy due to bone metastasis of prostate cancer. Which of the following statements about chemotherapy made by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chemotherapy is often combined with hormone therapy or radiation for prostate cancer with bone metastasis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting manifestations of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Increased urine specific gravity, behavioral changes, nausea, and severe headache are critical signs of SIADH, particularly related to hyponatremia, and require prompt reporting. Reduced urine output, while relevant, is less urgent.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client admitted with a diagnosis of acute kidney injury. The client asks, 'Are my kidneys failing and will I need a kidney transplant?' The nurse should respond to the client with which of the following statements?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This response acknowledges the client's concerns and facilitates further discussion with the provider, ensuring accurate information.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has gout about dietary recommendations. The nurse should teach the client that which of the following beverages can trigger an attack?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sweetened iced tea, often containing high-fructose corn syrup, can increase uric acid levels, potentially triggering gout attacks.