ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse administers desmopressin to a client who has a diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. The nurse recognizes that which of the following laboratory findings indicate a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A urine specific gravity of 1.015 is within the normal range and indicates more concentrated urine, which is a therapeutic effect of desmopressin. The medication helps the kidneys retain water, leading to more concentrated urine, and improving symptoms of diabetes insipidus.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who is scheduled for gastric bypass surgery asks for information about dumping syndrome. How does the nurse explain dumping syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dumping syndrome occurs when food moves too quickly from the stomach into the small intestine, causing a sudden release of insulin and other gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea, diarrhea, and dizziness.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hr postoperative and has a chest tube to a disposable water-seal drainage system with suction. The nurse should intervene for which of the following observations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Continuous bubbling in the water-seal chamber is abnormal and indicates a potential air leak. The water-seal chamber should only bubble intermittently with respiratory effort or changes in pressure; constant bubbling suggests that air is being introduced into the system, which could indicate a malfunction or an air leak at the insertion site or along the tubing.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Regular insulin is the preferred choice for treating diabetic ketoacidosis. It is a short-acting insulin that can rapidly reduce blood glucose levels and is used intravenously for immediate intervention in DKA.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluid restriction is the primary treatment for SIADH as it helps reduce water retention, which is causing the dilution of sodium in the blood. Restricting fluid intake to 1,000 mL per day helps manage hyponatremia in these patients.