ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Quiz 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with pneumonia presents with wheezing on auscultation. The nurse would anticipate which medication to be ordered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol and ipratropium are bronchodilators that relieve wheezing by relaxing airway muscles, appropriate for pneumonia-related bronchospasm. A is a diuretic, B is an expectorant, and D is a mucolytic, none of which address wheezing.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with Raynaud's phenomena. The nurse will prioritize educating the client about implementing which intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding cold exposure is critical because cold can trigger vasospasms of small arteries in the fingers and toes, leading to pain, pallor, cyanosis, and numbness. Stress is a major trigger for Raynaud's episodes, loose warm gloves are recommended, and caffeine is a vasoconstrictor that can worsen symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
When obtaining a health history from a patient suspected of having community-acquired pneumonia, the nurse should ask the patient about the presence of which of the following symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cough, sputum changes, dyspnea, and chest pain are hallmark symptoms of pneumonia due to lung infection and inflammation. A is related to hypoglycemia, C is more indicative of tuberculosis, and D suggests gastrointestinal issues.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who has an elevated temperature and reports fatigue and muscle aches. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: C: Chest x-ray and sputum culture are key diagnostics for respiratory infections. D: Airborne isolation is a precaution for suspected tuberculosis. E: Supplemental oxygen addresses potential hypoxemia. A is premature without TB confirmation, B is not indicated without severe distress, and F is irrelevant for this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client whose arterial blood gas results show a pH of 7.5, an HCO3 of 22, and a PaCO2 of 25 mm Hg. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A pH of 7.5 indicates alkalosis, and a low PaCO2 of 25 mm Hg suggests hyperventilation, pointing to respiratory alkalosis. A would show elevated HCO3, C would have low pH and HCO3, and D would have low pH and high PaCO2.