ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg unit 4 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is in a motor vehicle accident with a severe kidney injury and develops acute renal failure. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to develop?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The kidneys play a vital role in acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate. Acute renal failure impairs these functions, leading to acid retention and metabolic acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the electrolyte results of a client and notes that the potassium level is 5.7. Which pattern on the cardiac monitor would the nurse expect to see?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperkalemia (K+ > 5.0 mEq/L) causes tall, peaked T waves due to abnormal repolarization.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hyperkalemia and is to receive intravenous insulin. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an adverse outcome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IV insulin can cause hypoglycemia (glucose <70 mg/dL), an adverse effect of treatment.
Question 4 of 5
A client is in a motor vehicle accident with a severe kidney injury and develops acute renal failure. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to develop?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The kidneys play a vital role in acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate. Acute renal failure impairs these functions, leading to acid retention and metabolic acidosis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to obtain a 24-hr urine collection from a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Refrigerating the urine prevents bacterial growth and chemical breakdown, ensuring accurate lab results.