ATI RN
ATI Nur 221 Med Surg unit 4 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is in a motor vehicle accident with severe thoracic trauma. Which acid-base imbalance is most likely to develop?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe thoracic trauma impairs lung expansion, leading to hypoventilation and COâ‚‚ retention, causing respiratory acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hyperkalemia and is to receive intravenous insulin. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an adverse outcome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IV insulin can cause hypoglycemia (glucose <70 mg/dL), an adverse effect of treatment.
Extract:
Medical history
Nursing notes
Vitals signs
Diagnostic testing
44-year-old male reports "not feeling well for the past 3 days. The client reports decreased appetite and generalized abdominal pain with nausea. Client denies any vomiting or diarrhea, the client has a history of Stage IV Chronic Kidney Disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and neuropathy. The client currently completed Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis four times a day. Client lives alone and has 4 cats and is non- compliant with health care visits and follow-ups.
Question 3 of 5
Select the top 5 client findings that require immediate follow-up
| Abdomen rigid with decreased bowel sounds |
| Glucose 220mg/d |
| No dialysis for 24 hours |
| Crackles throughout the lungs |
| WBC 17,000 mm3 |
| Hemoglobin 10g/dL |
| Potassium 7mEq/L |
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E,G
Rationale: A rigid, tender abdomen suggests peritonitis, a life-threatening complication of peritoneal dialysis. Missing dialysis leads to toxin accumulation, hyperkalemia, and fluid overload. Crackles indicate pulmonary edema, requiring intervention to prevent respiratory failure. Leukocytosis suggests infection, possibly peritonitis. Severe hyperkalemia risks life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a urine output of 250 mL in a 24-hr period. Which of the following descriptive terms should the nurse place in the client's electronic record?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oliguria is defined as urine output < 400 mL/24 hours; 250 mL qualifies.
Question 5 of 5
The client is vomiting and very dehydrated. Which medication would be most effective in treating the nausea and vomiting?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ondansetron (Zofran) is a serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist that is highly effective for nausea and vomiting, especially in dehydration and severe vomiting.