ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is currently taking bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) to help with diarrhea. The nurse would educate the client on which adverse effect associated with bismuth subsalicylate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Tongue discoloration is a common and benign side effect of bismuth subsalicylate. The medication can cause the tongue and stool to turn black temporarily.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who overdosed on morphine and has a respiratory rate of 6/min. Which medication should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Naloxone is the standard treatment for opioid overdose, including morphine. It is an opioid antagonist that binds to opioid receptors in the brain, effectively reversing the effects of opioids and restoring normal respiration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of nurses about the administration of nitroglycerin. Which of the following routes of administration provides the most rapid onset for the client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual administration provides the most rapid onset of action for nitroglycerin. The medication is absorbed directly into the bloodstream through the mucous membranes under the tongue.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following abdominal surgery. The nurse discovers a loop of bowel protruding through an opening in the surgical incision. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Applying moistened sterile gauze to the site is the correct action. This keeps the exposed bowel moist and protected until surgical intervention can be performed.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is educating student nurses on the difference between the upper and lower respiratory tract. Which medications are primarily used for upper respiratory conditions?
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Decongestants, antitussives, and expectorants are primarily used for upper respiratory conditions. Decongestants relieve nasal congestion, antitussives suppress coughing, and expectorants help clear mucus. H4 antagonists and albuterol are more relevant for allergic or lower respiratory conditions.