ATI RN
ATI Nur285 Med Surg Fall Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is admitted to the hospital after vomiting bright red blood and is diagnosed with a bleeding duodenal ulcer. The client develops a sudden, sharp pain in the mid epigastric region along with a rigid, board-like abdomen. These clinical manifestations are most likely indicative of which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sudden, sharp pain and a rigid, board-like abdomen indicate a perforated ulcer, causing peritonitis, a medical emergency requiring immediate intervention.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is instructing a client who has GERD about positions that can help minimize the effects of reflux during sleep. Which of the following statements indicates to the nurse that the client understands the instructions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sleeping on the left side helps reduce the likelihood of acid reflux by preventing stomach contents from moving into the esophagus, making it the most effective position for GERD.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is creating a plan of care to maintain the skin integrity of a client who experiences frequent diarrhea due to ulcerative colitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wiping the perianal area with warm water and applying a barrier cream is an appropriate and effective intervention to protect the skin. The warm water is gentle, and the barrier cream provides a protective layer that helps prevent skin breakdown from frequent contact with stool.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who is taking NSAIDs to treat arthritis asks the nurse why Cytotec (misoprostol) has also been prescribed. Which explanation by the nurse is accurate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Misoprostol (Cytotec) protects the stomach lining from NSAID-induced damage, preventing ulcers and GI complications.
Question 5 of 5
A 36-year-old patient with suspected gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding undergoes a diagnostic endoscopy which determines the site of bleeding is a duodenal ulcer. The nurse explains to the patient that bleeding ulcers are commonly related to which of the following:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin production, which protects the mucosal lining, leading to ulcer formation and bleeding risk.