ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client diagnosed with ulcerative colitis is scheduled for a terminal ileostomy. The nurse is aware the stoma will be in what area of the client's abdomen?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A terminal ileostomy involves creating a stoma in the right lower quadrant, where the ileum is anatomically located, for waste elimination.
Question 2 of 5
A 45-year-old patient with a history of chronic alcohol use presents to the emergency department with epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. Which of the following findings would best support a diagnosis of acute gastritis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erosion of the gastric mucosa on endoscopy is the hallmark of acute gastritis, often caused by alcohol irritation.
Question 3 of 5
A 36-year-old patient with suspected gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding undergoes a diagnostic endoscopy which determines the site of bleeding is a duodenal ulcer. What is the most likely cause of a duodenal ulcer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Helicobacter pylori infection is the most common cause of duodenal ulcers, damaging the protective lining of the duodenum. Stress, NSAIDs, and alcohol can contribute but are less likely primary causes.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who had open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of left lower leg fractures continues to report severe pain in the leg 15 minutes after receiving the prescribed IV morphine. The nurse determines pulses are faintly palpable and the foot is cool to the touch. Which action should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Faint pulses and a cool foot suggest compartment syndrome, a medical emergency. Notifying the provider is the priority to ensure prompt intervention.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is a rationale for prescribing total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for a patient with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: TPN provides nutrients intravenously, allowing the bowel to rest and heal, which is critical in IBD management. Reducing inflammation, stimulating the bowel, or preventing malnutrition are not the primary rationales.