ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 72-year-old patient with a history of chronic hypertension is diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to contrast-induced nephropathy. Which clinical finding would most likely be present in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic acidosis is common in AKI due to impaired acid excretion by the kidneys.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has multiple sclerosis. The client reports that, since the onset of the disease, there are times when their symptoms are active and then followed by a period with no symptoms. Which of the following types of multiple sclerosis does this pattern indicate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is characterized by flare-ups followed by periods of partial or complete recovery.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just experienced a tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first after ensuring the patient's safety?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Placing the patient in a side-lying position immediately after the seizure ensures that the airway remains open and reduces the risk of aspiration.
Question 4 of 5
A 45-year-old patient presents with epigastric pain, nausea, and bloating. The physician suspects gastritis. Which diagnostic test would be most appropriate to confirm the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection as a cause of gastritis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The urea breath test is highly effective for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection, a common cause of gastritis.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with COPD is receiving oxygen therapy. Which considerations are important to ensure safe and effective oxygen administration for this patient? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: Monitoring respiratory rate and effort and adjusting oxygen flow to maintain 88-92% saturation are critical to prevent carbon dioxide retention and ensure safe oxygenation in COPD patients.