ATI RN
ATI Rn 46 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 67-year-old patient will be undergoing a mitral valve replacement for severe mitral valve stenosis. When reviewing the patient's chart, which of these infectious diseases would likely to be present in this patient's history?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rheumatic fever is a known cause of rheumatic heart disease, leading to mitral valve stenosis. Meningitis, Haemophilus influenzae, and varicella are not associated with valvular heart disease.
Question 2 of 5
The patient with acute pericarditis is having a pericardiocentesis. What complication should the nurse monitor the patient for?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pneumothorax is a significant risk during pericardiocentesis if the needle punctures the lung. Pneumonia, myocardial infarction, and CVA are less likely complications.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with a 4cm abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following conditions would indicate surgical intervention may be necessary?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Marfan's syndrome increases AAA rupture risk due to weakened connective tissue, often necessitating surgery. Young age, controlled hypertension, or patient concerns do not directly indicate surgery.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with ST-elevated myocardial infarction. The nurse anticipates administering which of the following medications?(Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Nitroglycerin relieves chest pain, aspirin prevents clot formation, and morphine reduces pain and oxygen demand in STEMI. Furosemide and penicillin are not used for acute STEMI management.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is admitted with suspected cardiomyopathy. What diagnostic test would be most helpful with the identification of this disorder?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Echocardiogram visualizes heart muscle abnormalities, key for diagnosing cardiomyopathy. Cardiac enzymes are for heart attacks, catheterization is invasive, and ablation treats arrhythmias.