ATI RN
ATI Rn 46 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 4
The nurse obtains a health history from an older adult with a prosthetic mitral valve who has symptoms of infective endocarditis (IE). Which question by the nurse helps identify a risk factor for IE?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Recent dental work is a known risk factor for IE due to potential bacteremia. Immunizations, family history, and heart attack history are less directly related.
Question 2 of 4
A patient with a sinus node dysfunction has a permanent pacemaker inserted. Before discharge, what should the nurse include when teaching the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding chest trauma protects the pacemaker. Arm lifting is restricted initially, microwaves are safe, and pacing does not typically cause spasms.
Question 3 of 4
The patient with acute pericarditis is having a pericardiocentesis. What complication should the nurse monitor the patient for?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pneumothorax is a significant risk during pericardiocentesis if the needle punctures the lung. Pneumonia, myocardial infarction, and CVA are less likely complications.
Question 4 of 4
A nurse is providing education to a client who has a newly diagnosed abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An AAA is a dilation of the aorta greater than 30 mm. Most occur infrarenally, rupture risk increases with high blood pressure, and the wall is weakened, not thickened.
Extract:
History and Physical
0900:
History of present illness:
Client presents to the emergency department reporting acute onset of back pain that started this morning. Client reports pain as 8 on a scale of Oto 10. Client also reports feeling dizzy and weak.
Past medical history: Diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension
Surgical history: Appendectomy at age 23 years
Family history:
Father: History of prostate cancer Mother: Died of "old age"
Social history: Smokes 1 pack of cigarette
Vital Signs
0900:
Blood pressure 136/84 mm Hg
Heart rate 111/min
Respiratory rate 20/min
Temperature 37° C (98.6" F)
0920:
Blood pressure 150/86 mm Hg
Heart rate 120/min
Respiratory rate 24/min
Temperature 37° C (98.6° F)
Provider Prescriptions
Metoprolol succinate ER 100 mg PO x 1 dose
Diagnostic results
0915:
CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis: 4 cm infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) Hemoglobin 11 g/dL (14 to 18 g/dL)
Hematocrit 40% (42% to 52%)
Question 5 of 4
A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department. Which of the following interventions should the nurse expect when planning care for this client? (Select All that Apply)
Correct Answer: B,C,E,F
Rationale: Analyzing CBC monitors for bleeding, preparing for surgery addresses symptomatic AAA, antihypertensives control rupture risk, and arterial line aids monitoring. Back pain monitoring, transfusion, and education are secondary in the acute phase.