ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has COPD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: A client with COPD often has increased energy needs due to the work of breathing. Consuming a high-calorie diet helps meet these needs. This can prevent malnutrition and promote optimal energy levels. Limiting fluid intake (
B) can lead to dehydration and thicker mucus. Strenuous exercise (
C) may exacerbate breathing difficulties. Reducing carbohydrate intake (
D) can lead to decreased energy levels.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a group of clients about the prevention of coronary artery disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A: Walk 30 min daily at a comfortable pace.
Rationale: Regular physical activity, such as walking, helps prevent coronary artery disease by improving cardiovascular health, maintaining a healthy weight, and reducing stress. Walking for 30 minutes daily at a comfortable pace can improve circulation, lower blood pressure, and reduce the risk of developing heart disease.
Summary of other choices:
B: Avoiding all sources of dietary fat is not recommended as the body needs healthy fats for various functions.
C: Increasing sodium intake does not prevent coronary artery disease and can actually contribute to hypertension, a risk factor for the disease.
D: Only exercising when experiencing symptoms is not proactive in preventing coronary artery disease and may lead to missed opportunities for prevention.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who is confused, has a temperature of 40° C (104° F), a BP of 74/52 mm Hg, and a diagnosis of exertional heat stroke. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer oxygen using a high-concentration mask. In exertional heat stroke, the body's ability to regulate temperature is compromised, leading to confusion, high temperature, and low blood pressure. Oxygen therapy helps support oxygenation during heat stress. It takes priority to ensure adequate oxygenation and prevent hypoxia, which can worsen the client's condition.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Giving cold fluids orally can potentially induce shock in a hypotensive client. Applying a heating pad can lead to further increase in body temperature. Encouraging the client to walk can exacerbate heat stress and increase the risk of collapse.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who had a lumbar laminectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Turn the client by log rolling with a turning sheet. This is the correct intervention because after a lumbar laminectomy, it is crucial to protect the surgical site and avoid bending or twisting the spine. Log rolling with a turning sheet helps maintain proper alignment and prevent injury to the surgical area.
Choice A is incorrect because encouraging the client to ambulate independently may put stress on the surgical area.
Choice C is incorrect as positioning the client in a high Fowler's position may also strain the spine.
Choice D is incorrect because applying a heating pad to the lower back can increase the risk of burns and should be avoided near a surgical site.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is hemorrhaging and hypotensive from esophageal variceal bleeding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Verify that the client has adequate IV access. This is the priority action because the client is hypotensive from hemorrhaging, indicating a need for immediate fluid resuscitation to stabilize their condition. Without adequate IV access, the nurse cannot administer life-saving fluids and medications. Administering a vasopressor (
A) or preparing for endoscopic intervention (
D) may be necessary later but addressing the hypotension is the priority. Placing the client in Trendelenburg position (
C) is not recommended as it can increase intracranial pressure.