ATI RN
ATI Custom Pediatrics Comprehensive Exam Questions
Extract:
Preschooler
Question 1 of 5
Which stage of Erikson's theory would the nurse explain describes the development of a preschooler?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Initiative versus guilt. During the preschool years (ages 3-6), children are focused on developing a sense of purpose and taking initiative in activities. Erikson's theory states that successfully navigating this stage leads to a sense of accomplishment and initiative, while failure can result in feelings of guilt. This stage aligns with the preschooler's natural curiosity and desire to explore and try new things.
Incorrect choices:
A: Identity versus role confusion - This stage occurs during adolescence, not preschool years.
B: Autonomy versus sense of shame and doubt - This stage is focused on toddlers, not preschoolers.
D: Trust versus mistrust - This stage is related to infancy, not preschool age.
E, F, G: Not provided.
Extract:
1-year-old weighing 22 pounds post-open heart surgery
Question 2 of 5
The nurse caring for a 22-pound 1-year-old child who has had open heart surgery is aware that the minimum acceptable urine output for the child
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 8 mL/hour. For a 1-year-old child, the minimum acceptable urine output is approximately 1-2 mL/kg/hr. Given the child's weight of 22 pounds (around 10 kg), the expected minimum urine output would be 10-20 mL/hr. Option B falls within this range and is therefore the correct choice. Option A (0 mL/hour) is incorrect as it indicates no urine output, which would be concerning. Option C (12 mL/hour) is slightly above the expected range for the child's weight. Option D (42 mL/hour) is too high and would be indicative of excessive fluid intake or output.
Extract:
Child with suspected epiglottitis
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has suspected epiglottitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Place the child in an upright position. This is essential in suspected epiglottitis to prevent further obstruction of the airway. Placing the child upright helps to alleviate the pressure on the epiglottis and allows better airflow. Obtaining a throat culture (
A) or performing a throat x-ray (
D) can exacerbate the condition by causing distress to the child and potentially worsening the airway obstruction. Visualizing the epiglottis with a tongue depressor (
B) can trigger a gag reflex and lead to airway compromise.
Therefore, placing the child in an upright position is the priority action to manage suspected epiglottitis effectively and maintain a clear airway.
Extract:
Adolescent experiencing vaso-occlusive crisis with right knee pain
Question 4 of 5
An adolescent experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis reports right knee pain. Which is the most appropriate intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administering Acetaminophen. Acetaminophen is a recommended analgesic for managing pain during a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease. It helps to alleviate pain by reducing inflammation and discomfort. Applying a warm soak (choice
A) can potentially worsen the condition by increasing blood flow to the affected area. Applying a compression wrap (choice
C) may restrict circulation and exacerbate the crisis. Decreasing IV fluids (choice
D) is not indicated unless there is fluid overload. Administering Acetaminophen is the most appropriate choice to address the pain without exacerbating the vaso-occlusive crisis.
Extract:
Infant starting new foods
Question 5 of 5
New foods should be introduced to the infant at intervals of
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C (5 to 7 days). Introducing new foods to infants at intervals of 5 to 7 days allows for proper observation of any potential allergic reactions or adverse effects. This timeframe helps in identifying specific food sensitivities and adjusting the diet accordingly. Option A (1 day) is too short for monitoring reactions. Option B (8 to 10 days) is slightly longer than necessary, potentially delaying the introduction of important nutrients. Option D (2 to 3 days) is shorter and may not provide sufficient time to detect reactions.