ATI RN
ATI n269 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which side effect of radiation therapy will the nurse anticipate in a patient who has laryngeal cancer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dry mouth (xerostomia) is a common side effect of radiation therapy for laryngeal cancer, as the salivary glands may be affected by the radiation. This results in reduced saliva production, leading to a dry mouth.
Question 2 of 5
After giving 6 oz of orange juice to a patient with hypoglycemia, the nurse finds that the patient's blood glucose level is 65 mg/dl. Which nursing intervention would be the most appropriate in this situation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After administering a carbohydrate source (e.g., 6 oz of orange juice), the nurse should reassess the patient's blood glucose level. If the glucose is still below the target range (typically above 70 mg/dL), the next step is to give an additional 15 grams of carbohydrate to raise the blood sugar. This is a standard approach for mild to moderate hypoglycemia.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse notes that which disorder places the patient at greatest risk for hypertensive crisis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal glands that can cause excessive production of catecholamines (such as norepinephrine and epinephrine), leading to a hypertensive crisis. This condition can cause severe hypertension, headaches, palpitations, and sweating.
Question 4 of 5
Which education about health promotion would the nurse include regarding head and neck cancer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exercising safe sex practices, especially in regard to human papillomavirus (HPV), is important because HPV is a known risk factor for head and neck cancers, particularly oropharyngeal cancers. Safe sex practices, including the use of barriers like condoms, can reduce the risk of HPV infection.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is in the immediate postoperative period following a partial laryngectomy. Which of the following parameters should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Airway patency should be assessed first because this surgery involves the upper airway structures, and complications such as obstruction, swelling, or bleeding could compromise the airway and lead to respiratory distress.