Which patient statement indicates that the nurse's

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Question 1 of 5

Which patient statement indicates that the nurse's teaching about sublingual nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) has been effective?

A. I can expect nausea as a side effect of nitroglycerin. B. I will store the medication in a well-lit room. C. I will call an ambulance if I have pain 5 minutes after taking nitroglycerin. D. I should only take nitroglycerin when I have chest pain. G. C

Correct Answer: If chest pain is not relieved 5 minutes after taking nitroglycerin, it is recommended to call an ambulance. Nausea is not a common side effect, nitroglycerin should be stored in a dark place, and it can also be taken prophylactically.

Rationale:

Question 2 of 5

After receiving a change-of-shift report on four patients, which patient would the nurse assess first?

A. Patient with dilated cardiomyopathy who has bilateral crackles at the lung bases. B. Patient with acute aortic regurgitation whose blood pressure is 86/54 mm Hg. C. Patient with infective endocarditis who has a murmur and splinter hemorrhages. D. Patient with rheumatic fever who has sharp chest pain with a deep breath. G. B

Correct Answer: Acute aortic regurgitation can lead to a rapid and severe drop in blood pressure, which is a medical emergency. Therefore, this patient should be assessed first. Crackles, endocarditis symptoms, and chest pain are less immediately life-threatening.

Rationale:

Question 3 of 5

While teaching a patient about their newly prescribed diuretic (furosemide), which of the following statements made by the new graduate requires correction by the supervising nurse?

A. Do not stand still for prolonged periods of time. B. Even if you feel fine, do not stop taking the drugs. C. Eat foods with low potassium. D. Upon waking up in the morning, get out of bed slowly. G. C

Correct Answer: Furosemide is a diuretic that can cause the body to lose potassium, so it's important to consume potassium-rich foods. The other statements are correct regarding blood pooling, medication adherence, and orthostatic hypotension.

Rationale:

Question 4 of 5

After receiving a change-of-shift report about the following four patients on the cardiac care unit, which patient would the nurse assess first?

A. A 65-year-old patient who had a myocardial infarction (MI) 4 days ago and is anxious about today's planned discharge. B. A 59-year-old patient with unstable angina who has just returned after a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). C. A 56-year-old patient with variant angina who is scheduled to receive nifedipine (Procardia). D. A 39-year-old patient with pericarditis who is complaining of sharp, stabbing chest pain. G. B

Correct Answer: A patient with unstable angina who has just returned after a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is at risk for hemorrhage from the arterial access site. Immediate assessment of blood pressure, pulses, and the access site is required. Anxiety, scheduled medication, and chest pain are less urgent.

Rationale:

Question 5 of 5

While auscultating a patient's heart sounds, a nurse detects a fourth heart sound (S4). The nurse understands that this finding possibly indicates:

A. Pericarditis. B. Arterial obstruction or aneurysm. C. Forceful atrial contraction to overcome ventricular resistance. D. An infectious valvular disorder. G. C

Correct Answer: An S4 heart sound is an extra sound that is heard late in diastole just before S1. It occurs due to resistance to blood flow in an enlarged ventricle, often due to forceful atrial contraction to overcome ventricular resistance. Other options are not directly associated with S4.

Rationale:

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ATI RN Custom Cardiovascular Med Surg Questions

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