ATI RN
ATI n200 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of these deformities is associated with osteoarthritis? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: Inflammation of the lungs: This is not associated with osteoarthritis but could indicate other conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic diseases. Tender and warm joints: These are more typical of inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Nodules on the skin: Nodules are common in rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis. Pain and stiffness of joints: Osteoarthritis is characterized by joint pain and stiffness, especially after inactivity or overuse. Swelling of joints affected: Swelling occurs due to inflammation and changes in the joint structure associated with osteoarthritis.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with Clostridium difficile. This client should be placed on which type of precautions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neutropenic precautions are for immunocompromised clients to prevent infections. Airborne precautions are for pathogens spread through the air. Contact precautions prevent the spread of infections through direct or indirect contact. Droplet precautions are for pathogens spread through large droplets.
Question 3 of 5
A client is being considered for a total hip replacement. The nurse understands that contraindications for this procedure include: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Bleeding disorders pose a risk of excessive bleeding during and after surgery. An active infection can complicate the healing process and increase the risk of prosthetic joint infection. While immobility may indicate a need for the surgery, it is not a contraindication. Advanced osteoporosis can compromise the bone's ability to support the prosthetic, making surgery less viable. Severe pain is one of the primary indications for considering hip replacement surgery.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with a herniated disc who has undergone a lumbar laminectomy and diskectomy at L4-5. When assisting the client to move in bed, the nurse should include what specific technique?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While bending the knees helps with body mechanics, twisting the spine should still be avoided. Moving the hips and legs first could lead to twisting the spine if not done correctly, so the spine must be kept aligned during all movements. The client should avoid pulling on side rails or assisting with movement until fully cleared by the physician, as this could put unnecessary strain on the spine. It is essential to maintain spinal alignment and prevent twisting of the spine during repositioning. The client should be turned as one unit to minimize strain on the healing vertebrae.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has osteoporosis and a new prescription for the biphosphonate alendronate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Alendronate should be taken in the morning on an empty stomach to ensure proper absorption. Tingling around the mouth and nose is not a typical or expected side effect of alendronate. Lying down after taking alendronate can cause esophageal irritation, so the client should remain upright for at least 30 minutes. Drinking water helps with swallowing and ensures the medication reaches the stomach. Chewing alendronate tablets is contraindicated, as it can increase the risk of esophageal irritation.