ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Nursing Exam (70 NGN Questions with Answers) Questions
Extract:
A nurse in the emergency department is preparing to discharge a 3-year- old child Nurses' Notes
The child's guardian states the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. Guardian expresses concern about the child's atopic dermatitis worsening and the child scratching excessively, which results in the areas bleeding. Guardian states the child has a history of allergic rhinitis.
Assessment
Child is alert and responsive.
Respiratory rate even and nonlabored at rate of 24/min. No adventitious sounds auscultated. Heart rate 108/min
Generalized small clusters of reddish, scaly patches with lichenifications and depigmentation on the child's bilateral upper and lower extremities.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian?
Correct Answer: A,B,D,F,G
Rationale: The correct answer includes multiple important statements for the discharge instructions.
A: Cutting and filing fingernails prevent scratching and potential skin damage.
B: Cystic fibrosis is relevant medical information for the child's care.
D: Informing about occasional flare-ups helps prepare the guardian.
F: Applying gloves prevents scratching and potential skin infection.
G: Emollients maintain skin hydration and prevent dryness. These instructions promote optimal care and management of the child's condition. Other choices are incorrect as they either provide irrelevant information (
C), are not necessary for the child's care (E), or do not directly contribute to the child's well-being (
B).
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who has nephrotic syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urine output 256 mL over 8 hours. This finding indicates effective treatment as it shows adequate kidney function and hydration status. Normal urine output is 30-50 mL/hr, so 256 mL over 8 hours is within the expected range.
A: Odorless urine is a general indicator of hydration but not a definitive sign of treatment effectiveness.
B: No report of pain with voiding is subjective and may not always reflect treatment effectiveness.
D: Temperature within normal range is a good sign, but it does not directly indicate treatment effectiveness related to the urinary system.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has gastroenteritis.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of severe dehydration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sunken anterior fontanel. This finding is indicative of severe dehydration in infants, as it suggests significant fluid loss and decreased tissue turgor. A sunken fontanel is a late sign of dehydration.
Choice A is incorrect as a capillary refill time of 3 seconds is within normal limits.
Choice C may be seen in mild to moderate dehydration, but severe dehydration would involve a greater weight loss.
Choice D is not specific to dehydration, as tear production can still occur even in cases of dehydration.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0915:
Received the child awake, alert, and crying. Parent states that child was playing with remote control toy and when the parent heard the child crying. they noticed that a battery was missing from the toy. The parent states that the child was drooling more than usual
and witnessed them gagging periodically. 0930:
Child is lying on parent's chest with eyes open and requesting sippy cup. Continues to have expiratory wheezing in bilateral upper lobes. Preparing child for diagnostic testing.
Exhibit 4
Laboratory Results 0930:
X- ray of the neck, chest, and abdomen completed. Biplane radiographic study identifies objects in esophagus. No foreign objects visualized in the chest or abdomen.
Question 4 of 5
Complete the following sentence by using the list of options. The nurse should first----- followed by -------
Correct Answer: E,F
Rationale: The correct answer is E, F. Firstly, keeping the child NPO (nothing by mouth) is essential before a flexible endoscopy to prevent aspiration during the procedure. Secondly, preparing the child for the flexible endoscopy involves informing them about the procedure and ensuring they are physically and emotionally ready.
Choice A is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the procedure; B is not the immediate priority before the endoscopy; C is important post-procedure, not first; D is relevant but not the initial step.
Extract:
A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a 1-year-old toddler. Exhibit 1
0930
Nurse Notes
Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic.
0945:
Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received.
1000:
Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter. Exhibit 2
Vital Signs 0930:
Temperature 38.4° C (101.1° F) Heart rate 128/min
Respiratory rate 28/min Exhibit 3
Diagnostic Results
1030:
Urinalysis:
Appearance: cloudy and dark amber (clear) Specific gravity 1.035 (1.005 to 1.030)
Leukocyte esterase: positive (negative)
Nitrites: present (none)
WBCS: 10 (0 to 4)
Question 5 of 5
What is a 1-year-old with history of UTIs and diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux s tachycardia at risk for?
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: The correct answers for a 1-year-old with history of UTIs and diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux at risk for are B: Renal Scarring and E: Pyelonephritis. Vesicoureteral reflux increases the risk of recurrent UTIs, leading to pyelonephritis. Renal scarring can result from repeated pyelonephritis episodes. Nephrotic syndrome (
A) is not typically associated with UTIs or reflux. Polycystic kidney (
C) is a congenital condition, not related to the scenario. Acute glomerulonephritis (
D) is usually caused by post-streptococcal infection, not UTIs.