ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Nursing 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
A nurse in the emergency department is preparing to discharge a 3-year-old child. Nurse's Notes: The child's guardian states the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. The guardian expresses concern about the child's atopic dermatitis worsening, and the child scratching excessively, which results in bleeding areas. The guardian states the child has a history of allergies and rhinitis. Medication Administration Record: Diphenhydramine 10 mg PO, 4 times per day. Pimecrolimus 1% cream, apply to skin lesions daily. Assessment: Child is alert and responsive. Respiratory rate is even and monitored at 24/min. No adventitious sounds auscultated. Heart rate: 108/min. Generalized small clusters of reddish, scaly patches with lichenification and depigmentation on the child's bilateral upper and lower extremities.
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E,F
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, C, E, and F.
A: Applying emollients after bathing helps moisturize the skin, which is beneficial for the child's condition.
B: Cutting and filing fingernails frequently can prevent scratching and potential skin damage.
C: Informing the guardian about occasional flare-ups helps manage expectations and preparedness.
E: Applying gloves can protect the child's hands from irritants or scratching, aiding in the healing process.
F: Applying a thin layer of prescription cream to lesions as instructed by a healthcare provider helps manage the condition effectively.
These choices promote skin care, prevention of skin damage, awareness of condition management, protection of skin, and proper medication application.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child who is 2 hr postoperative following a cardiac catheterization and finds the dressing is saturated with blood. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apply pressure just above the insertion site. This is the first action the nurse should take as it helps to control the bleeding and prevent further blood loss. By applying pressure, the nurse can help stop the bleeding and stabilize the child's condition. Reinforcing the dressing (
Choice
A) may not address the immediate issue of active bleeding. Monitoring the pulse distal to the insertion site (
Choice
B) is important but should come after controlling the bleeding. Obtaining vital signs (
Choice
D) is also important but not the priority when dealing with active bleeding.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who is in the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Weigh the child once per day. In the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome, daily weight monitoring is crucial to assess fluid status and renal function. It helps in evaluating response to treatment and detecting complications like fluid overload or dehydration promptly. Limiting calorie intake (
B) is not appropriate as children with nephrotic syndrome often need increased calories due to protein loss. Increasing fluid intake (
C) to 2 L/day may exacerbate edema, a common symptom of nephrotic syndrome. Positioning the child supine at bedtime (
D) is not relevant to managing nephrotic syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is evaluating the pain level of a toddler who is cognitively impaired to a nonpharmacologic intervention. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use to evaluate the toddler's pain level?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: FLACC. This scale is suitable for evaluating pain in toddlers and individuals with cognitive impairments as it assesses Facial expression, Leg movement, Activity level, Cry, and Consolability. It is effective in capturing pain cues in nonverbal or limited verbal individuals. The other options, B: Visual Analog Scale, C: CRIES, and D: FACES, are not as appropriate for toddlers with cognitive impairments due to their reliance on self-reporting or limited applicability in this population. The FLACC scale is specifically designed to assess pain in nonverbal or cognitively impaired individuals, making it the most suitable choice in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newly admitted child who has cystic fibrosis. For which of the following members of the interprofessional team should the nurse initiate a referral?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dietitian. For a child with cystic fibrosis, proper nutrition is crucial due to malabsorption issues. A dietitian can help create a personalized nutrition plan to ensure the child receives sufficient nutrients. Referring to a dietitian is essential to optimize the child's growth and overall health. Physical therapists (
B), speech-language pathologists (
C), and occupational therapists (
D) are important members of the team but are not the first priority for a child with cystic fibrosis. They may be needed later depending on the child's specific needs.